NR 511 / NR511 Chamberlain College Of Nursing -NR 511 Midterm Questions With Complete Solutions

NR 511 Midterm Questions With Complete Solutions

1. a bright red spot, well demarcated in the eye indicates what?
2. What are the causes?
3. Usually it is benign; when is referral needed? Correct Answer

1. Actinic keratosis (solar keratosis or senile keratosis) - is the
most
2a. Risk: more common in men; most susceptible are;
2b. it is found predominantly in older adults >50 y/o; renal
transplant patients, other immunocompromised patients, and
individuals who work w/ Correct Answer 1. common
precancerous skin lesion found in lighter skinned patients
2a. light-skinned w/ history of frequent sun exposure
2b. compounds that contain polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons
(PAHs) such as coal or tar

1. Basal Cell carcinoma is the (most common) - malignant
tumor of the skin that
2. Risk: risk increases w/ age, more common,
3. more common in those with precancerous lesions, including
4. Environmental exposure to what increases risk Correct
Answer 1. originates in the basal cells of the epidermis
2. in males, lighter skinned individuals w/ blue eyes, red or
blonde hair; history of skin cancer, basal cell nevus syndrome
3. actinic keratosis; history of burn scars or areas of skin
damaged by chronic inflammation or ulcers; history of
immunosuppression;
4. excessive exposure to UV radiation (sunlight), exposure to
arsenic, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, or radiation

,1. Epiglottis is a
2. Risk: This is more common and more severe in
3a. Subjective: first c/o you'll get with kids will be
3b. in adults: you'll notice
4. Objective: never attempt a
5. Tests: none
6a. Tx 1st line: acute epiglottis is a medical emergency requiring
Correct Answer 1. - life threatening, progressive cellulitis that
may complete obstruct the airway
2. in young children
3a. dyspnea, drooling, and stridor;
3b. odynophagia (pain when swallowing) seems severe
4. direct view of the epiglottis w/ a tongue blade due to
immediate laryngospasm and resultant airways obstruction
6. emergency care for IV abx such as cefuroxime (Ceftin),
ceftriaxone (Rocephin), or ampicillin/sulbactam (Unasyn), as
well as IV dexamethasone (Decadron)

1. Erythema infectiosum -aka
2. Risk: usually in epidemics; most common in
3a. Subjective: usually do not have any symptoms; children may
have 3b. several days after the appearance of these symptoms a
distinctive
4. Objective: red, flushed
tests: n/a Correct Answer 1. fifth's disease or parvovirus
2. elementary school-age children during outbreaks in the winter
and spring months
3a. fever, upset stomach, headache, or runny nose
3b. bright red rash may appear on both cheeks (looks like they
were slapped on the cheeks of the face) that may spread to the

,arms, trunks, thighs, and buttocks - where the rash has a pink,
lacy, slightly raised appearance and may be itchy
4. cheeks; circumoral pallor; maculopapules on extremities'
"slapped face" appearance

1. Folliculitis - skin infection of the
2a. Risk: diabetes, obesity, a chronic carrier of
2b. exposure to
2c. most often caused by bacteria
3a. Subjective: "bumpy rash" located on the;
3b. may report history of Correct Answer 1. hair follicles
2a. staphylococci, poor hygiene, hyperimmunoglobulin E
2b. chemicals and solvents, and chronic skin friction; most
common in middle age (40-60 y/o) and children
2c. - coagulase negative Staphylococcus
3a. hair follicles of the face, forehead, back of the earlobes,
neck, shoulders, buttocks, torso, or extremities; usually
concerned only of the cosmetic effect
3b. hot tube use (p. auruginosa) or borrowing a shaver from a
friend

1. Hand Foot and Mouth - a mild contagious
2. Risk: common in children under
3. Subjective: malaise,
4. Objective: fever (often the first sign); painful,
5. Tests: none; diagnosis based off
6. -No specific treatment
1st line: Correct Answer 1. viral infection, most commonly
caused by coxsackie virus
2. age 10; common in childcare settings during the warmer
months of the year

, 3. loss of appetite, sore throat; irritability in infants and toddlers
4. red, blister-like lesions on the tongue, gums, and inside of the
cheeks; red rash
5. of clinical presentation
6. acetaminophen or ibuprofen for symptom relief

1. Keratosis pilaris - a benign skin condition
2. Risk: more common in
Subjective: n/a
3. Objective: painless tiny bumps, typically on the
Tests: none needed
4a. Tx 1st line: usually clears up on its own but you can use
creams to 4b. and creams to prevent plugged follicles such as
creams derived from Correct Answer 1. that causes dry, rough
patches and tiny bumps
1. young children; unk cause but may occur w/ genetic
conditions or with other skin conditions
3. upper arms, thighs, cheeks or buttocks; dry rough skin in the
areas with bumps; worsens w/ seasonal change; sandpaper-like
flesh resembling goose flesh
4a. remove dead skin cells (creams containing alpha hydroxyl
acid, lactic acid, salicyclic acid or urea);
4b. Vitamin A (topical retinoids) such as tretinoin (Retin-A,
Renova, Avita) and tazarotene (Avage, Tazorac)

1. Lichen Planus - an inflammatory pruritic disease of the skin
and
2. Risk: from having
3. Subjective: pts will report
4a. Objective: lesions are pruritic, violaceous, flat-topped
4b. These wickman striae have a ;