Anatomy Midterm (Lest) Exam
anatomical position - a universal position which is the starting point for describing positions and
directions of the human body (feet, palms, face and shoulders forward, feet slightly apart)
midsagittal or median - up and down the middle of the body straight on
sagittal - up and down, straight up, left and right sides
transverse - across horizontally, top and bottom pieces
frontal or coronal - up and down, from the side of the body, front and back pieces
superior - above
inferior - below
medial - closer to the middle
lateral - closer to the side
anterior or ventral - in the front
posterior or dorsal - behind
proximal - closer to the shoulder or hip (limbs only: arms and legs)
,distal - further from the shoulder or hip (limbs only: arms and legs)
superficial - closer to the surface
deep - further from the surface
What are the body cavities from the side view? - 1. cranial
2. vertebral canal
3. thoracic
4. diaphragm
5. abdominal
6. pelvic
7. abdominopelvic
What are the body cavities from the front view? - 1. cranial
2. vertebral canal
3. media stinum
4. right pleural
5. left pleural
6. peri cardial
7. thoracic
8. diaphragm
9. abdominal
10. pelvic
,11. abdominopelvic
top cavity - cranial
second highest cavity - vertebral canal
third highest cavity - thoracic
fourth highest and middle of the body cavity - diaphragm
fifth highest cavity - abdominal
lowest cavity - pelvic
lowest and second lowest cavity combined - abdominopelvic
top right side of the thoracic cavity - right pleural
top left side of the thoracic cavity - media stinum
bottom right side of the thoracic caivty - peri cardial
bottom left side of the thoracic cavity - left pleural
prosthetic - an artificial body part such as a limb
, What was the first prosthetic discovered? - the Thebes mummy's big toe (circa 1400 BC)
Why do we study anatomy? - to solve a problem
anatomy - the study of the form or structure of all living things (including plants and animals)
What are the two types of anatomy? - 1. gross
2. microscopic
physiology - the study of how living things function or work (how different body systems work)
What is an example of anatomy and physiology working together? - blood flows in the body in one
direction due to valves that prevent backflow
Principle of Complementarity - anatomy and physiology are fundamentally linked
What are some examples of the Principle of Complementarity? - 1. jellyfish have stingers for protection
2. pelicans have big beaks for food
3. monkeys have tails and thumbs to help with food and moving around
characteristics of living things - 1. metabolism and use of energy
2. reproduction
3. homeostasis
4. growth and development
5. respond to a stimulus
anatomical position - a universal position which is the starting point for describing positions and
directions of the human body (feet, palms, face and shoulders forward, feet slightly apart)
midsagittal or median - up and down the middle of the body straight on
sagittal - up and down, straight up, left and right sides
transverse - across horizontally, top and bottom pieces
frontal or coronal - up and down, from the side of the body, front and back pieces
superior - above
inferior - below
medial - closer to the middle
lateral - closer to the side
anterior or ventral - in the front
posterior or dorsal - behind
proximal - closer to the shoulder or hip (limbs only: arms and legs)
,distal - further from the shoulder or hip (limbs only: arms and legs)
superficial - closer to the surface
deep - further from the surface
What are the body cavities from the side view? - 1. cranial
2. vertebral canal
3. thoracic
4. diaphragm
5. abdominal
6. pelvic
7. abdominopelvic
What are the body cavities from the front view? - 1. cranial
2. vertebral canal
3. media stinum
4. right pleural
5. left pleural
6. peri cardial
7. thoracic
8. diaphragm
9. abdominal
10. pelvic
,11. abdominopelvic
top cavity - cranial
second highest cavity - vertebral canal
third highest cavity - thoracic
fourth highest and middle of the body cavity - diaphragm
fifth highest cavity - abdominal
lowest cavity - pelvic
lowest and second lowest cavity combined - abdominopelvic
top right side of the thoracic cavity - right pleural
top left side of the thoracic cavity - media stinum
bottom right side of the thoracic caivty - peri cardial
bottom left side of the thoracic cavity - left pleural
prosthetic - an artificial body part such as a limb
, What was the first prosthetic discovered? - the Thebes mummy's big toe (circa 1400 BC)
Why do we study anatomy? - to solve a problem
anatomy - the study of the form or structure of all living things (including plants and animals)
What are the two types of anatomy? - 1. gross
2. microscopic
physiology - the study of how living things function or work (how different body systems work)
What is an example of anatomy and physiology working together? - blood flows in the body in one
direction due to valves that prevent backflow
Principle of Complementarity - anatomy and physiology are fundamentally linked
What are some examples of the Principle of Complementarity? - 1. jellyfish have stingers for protection
2. pelicans have big beaks for food
3. monkeys have tails and thumbs to help with food and moving around
characteristics of living things - 1. metabolism and use of energy
2. reproduction
3. homeostasis
4. growth and development
5. respond to a stimulus
