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PNCB-AC Exam: Questions With Accurate Answers
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PNCB-AC Exam: Questions With Accurate Answers
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PNCB-AC Exam: Questions With Accurate AnswersDiGeorge Syndrome Right Ans - Absence or hypoplasia of the parathyroid
gland which can lead to hypocalcemia resulting in seizures. Includes
hypotonia - dysmorphic features such as low set ears, micrognathia,
hypertelorism,cleft palate in 70-80% also primary immunodeficency
q22 deletion
Tobramycin Right Ans - CF treatment- recommended dosing range is 7.5-
10mg/kg/24hr
Inspiratory/Expiratory chest xray Right Ans - For cases of foreign body
aspiration, demonstrates air trapping from occlusion
Pulmonary edema Right Ans - tachypnea, dyspnea, tachycardia, hypoxia,
and wheezing. Cough with pink frothy sputum diaphoresis, orthopnea, and
paroxysmal nocturnal dyspnea with increased work of breathing are other
clinical findings. On auscultation, crackles may be heard along with a third
heart tone or gallop, which is indicative of cardiogenic pulmonary edema.
Dobutamine Right Ans - cardiogenic shock, increasing contractility and
promoting peripheral vasodilation, increased urine output, and renal
perfusion
A catecholamine used to treat hypotension
cardiac tamponade Right Ans - Beck triad: hypotension—from low cardiac
output; distended neck (jugular) veins—from heart compression; and muffled
(distant) heart sounds—from fluid in pericardial space. Patients often have
pulsus paradoxus with a narrow pulse pressure, altered neurologic status,
audible pericardial rub, and shock with tachycardia and tachypnea
Meningitis common causes Neonates Right Ans - GBS, E.Coli Listeria
Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis Right Ans - In HLH, serum ferritin is
often quite elevated, fibrinogen is low, thrombocytopenia, and low
hemoglobin. LOOK UP FOR MORE INFO
, Hepatoblastoma Right Ans - The most common malignant liver tumor in
early childhood, an elevated a-fetoprotein is present in 90% of children who
are diagnosed
Wilms tumor (nephroblastoma) Right Ans - malignant tumor of the kidney
occurring in childhood- most common renal cancer in childhood median age
of 3.5 at diagnosis
S/S smooth, painless abdominal mass that does not cross the midline
most children are asymptomatic but others present with hematuria,irritability
,pain ,hypertension, weight loss
AVOID- deep palpation of abd to decrease the risk of capsular rupture
Neuroblastoma Right Ans - most common malignant extracranial solid
tumor of childhood-most patients are diagnosed by age 5, with the median age
of 19 months
s/s commonly asymptomatic-found when child is being examined for
something else. Widespread malignancy can present with fever, malaise,
irritability and limp
cervical tumors may present with horner syndrome
mediastinal masses may lead to SVCS
abdominal tumors may lead to abd pain,distention or edema after
rupture/hemorrhage
2-4% of patients with neuroblastoma will experience OMA syndrome
Tumor lysis syndrome
normal potassium (3.5-5.5)
normal phos( 3.4-4.5)
normal uric acid (3.5-7.2) Right Ans - EXPECT: elevated potassium,
phosphorus, and uric acid levels- hypocalcemia from kidney failure
a sudden increase in potassium, phosphorus, and nucleic acid from the rapid
breakdown of malignant cells. can lead to acute kidney failure, arrhythmia and
death
commonly occurs 12-72 hrs after the initiation of chemotherapy
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