2024 NR 545 Final EXAM STUDY GUIDE WITH 90+
QUESTIONS & CORRECT ANSWERS
Peptic Ulcer
Penetration of submucosa that can cause a perforation
Causes for peptic ulcer
H pylori, alcohol, caffeine, NSAIDS, inadequate blood supply, atrophy to mucosa
Gastric ulcer symptoms
Epigastric pain, belching, burning sensation immediately after eating, antacids
provide small relief
Duodenal Ulcer symptoms
Epigastric pain, burning 3-4 hours after eating, pain worse at night, antacids
relieves pain
Complications of peptic ulcers
hemorrhage, obstruction, perforation
Common blood type for peptic ulcers
Type "O"
Diagnostics of peptic ulcer
Fiberoptic endoscopy, barium Xray, stool antigen (h pylori), Urea breath test
Treatment for peptic ulcer
PPI, Amoxicillin, clarithromycin
PPI, Clarithromycin, metronidazole
, Inflammation that starts in the rectum up to the colon. Ulcers develop. Tissue
destruction interferes with absorption of fluids and electrolytes
Complication of Ulcerative colitis
Toxic megacolon (inflammation impairs peristalsis, leading to obstruction and
dilation of the colon)
Signs/symptoms ulcerative colitis
Watery diarrhea with blood and mucous, abdominal pain and cramping, tenesmus
(spasm in the rectum associated with the need to poop)
Treatment for ulcerative colitis
Anti-inflammatories (sulfasalazine)
Anti-diarrheal (loperamide)
Diet (total parenteral nutrition or high protein, vitamin, calories and low fat)
Antibiotics (metronidazole, cipro)
Appendicitis
Inflammation and infection of the appendix.
Causes of appendicitis
Obstruction, twisting, potential abscess formation and perforation
Subjective data (appendicitis)
Colicky pain when walking and coughing
Epigastric/periumbilical pain (RLQ)
N/V
Mild fever
Shaking chills
Objective data (appendicitis)
Positive McBurney sign
Positive Obturator sign
Positive Psoas sign
Positive Rovsign sign
Diagnostics for appendicitis
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