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NSB236 EXAM Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update $14.09   Add to cart

Exam (elaborations)

NSB236 EXAM Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update

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  • NSB236
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  • NSB236

What is the biology of cancer? Defective cell proliferation and defective cell differentiation. What are the three stages of cancer development? Initiation, promotion and progression. What are the characteristics of benign neoplasms? Usually encapsulated, normally differentiated, nil metast...

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  • November 7, 2024
  • 18
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • NSB236
  • NSB236
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NSB236 EXAM Questions and
Correct Answers the Latest Update
What is the biology of cancer?


✓ Defective cell proliferation and defective cell differentiation.



What are the three stages of cancer development?


✓ Initiation, promotion and progression.



What are the characteristics of benign neoplasms?


✓ Usually encapsulated, normally differentiated, nil metastases, rare recurrence, slight
vascularity, and expansive growth.



What are the characteristics of malignant neoplasms?


✓ Rarely encapsulated, poorly differentiated, capable of metastasis, possible recurrence,
moderate to marked vascularity, and infiltrative growth.



What is the aim of chemotherapy?


✓ To reduce or eliminate malignant cells.



What is dysplasia?


✓ The presence of abnormal cells within a tissue.


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How is cancer growth staged?


✓ From stage 0 (cells are in situ) to stage 4 (cells have metastasised).



What are the four stages of radiation therapy?


✓ Energy beams absorb into tissue, ionisation occurs, leading to the breakdown of cell
DNA bonds.



What are the side effects of chemotherapy?


✓ Nausea and vomiting, malnutrition, inflammation, diarrhoea/constipation and
toxicities.



What is angiogenesis?


✓ The formation of new blood vessels.



What are the meninges?


✓ The three layers of membranes that protect the brain and spinal cord.



What is anaplasia?


✓ The lack of cellular differentiation.



What is an oncogene?


✓ A mutated gene that has the potential to cause cancer.

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What is a vesicant?


✓ An agent that causes blistering.



What is nadir?


✓ The lowest possible blood cell count during chemotherapy.



What is a neoplasm?


✓ A new and abnormal growth of tissue.



What is leucopenia?


✓ An abnormally low white blood cell count.



What is thrombocytopenia?


✓ A low level of platelets in the blood.



What is the normal range of leukocytes in the blood?


✓ 4,500-11,000.



What is the normal range of thrombocytes in the blood?


✓ 150,000-450,000 per micro-litre.


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