CSD 191 Final || ANSWERS RATED 100% CORRECT!!
Abducted correct answers Open, drawn apart; as in abducted vocal folds
Acceleration/Deceleration Injuries correct answers Brain injuries that result when the brain
inside the skull moves back and forth because of a rapidly moving head that receives external
force
Accessory Nerve XI correct answers Classified as a cranial nerve, it is both a cranial and
spinal nerve that supplies the muscles of the pharynx, soft palate, head, and shoulders
Acoustic correct answers Pertaining to sound or hearing
Acoustic Immittance correct answers Transfer of acoustic energy; immittance may be
measured as impedance (opposition to the flow of sound energy offered by the eardrum) or
admittance (the ease with which the sound flows through the eardrum)
Acoustic Nerve correct answers Also known as Cranial Nerve VIII, it conducts sound from
the cochlea to the auditory centers in the brain
Acoustic Neuroma correct answers A tumor that develops on the acoustic nerve, causing
sensorineural hearing loss
Acoustic Reflex correct answers A reflexive contraction of the tensor tympani and the
stapedius muscles triggered by loud sounds and noises
Acoustics correct answers The study of sound; a branch of physics
Acquired Communicative Disorders correct answers Not inherited or congenital; a period of
normal communication precedes the onset of an acquired disorder
Action Potentials correct answers Electrical discharges of activated nerve cells
Acute correct answers A short and severe condition
Addition correct answers Adding a sound that does not belong to a word ("cuppa"for cup)
Adducted correct answers Closed or nearly closed. As in adducted vocal folds
Afferent correct answers Flow of information toward the cell body
Affricates correct answers A group of consonants with the characteristics of stops and
fricatives
African American English Dialect (AAED) correct answers A variety of English with its own
phonological, syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic rules; a part of the African American
cultural heritage
Agnosia correct answers Difficulties some patients with aphasia have in recognizing common
objects through sensory information (sight, sound, touch, feel)
,Agrammatism correct answers A major characteristic of patients with aphasia; omission of
many grammatical elements, resulting in telegraphic speech
Agraphia correct answers Writing problems associated with aphasia and other such
neurologically based disorders
Aided System of Communication correct answers Use of external aids to communicate;
examples include picture books, communication boards and computerized devices;
recommended when oral communication skills are limited
AIDS Dementia Complex correct answers A form of dementia with progressive intellectual
and behavioral deterioration associated with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS)
Air Conduction correct answers Sound traveling through the medium of air; air-conducted
sound reaches the cochlea through the outer ear and middle ear
Alexia correct answers Reading problems due to brain damage
Alliteration correct answers A skill in identifying words that start or end with the same letter
Allophones correct answers Variations of a phoneme
Alphabet Stage correct answers Children's knowledge of printed letters, words, and correct
spelling of words; a stage in learning to read and write
Alveolar Process correct answers The outer edges of the maxillary bone (upper jaw) that
house the molar, bicuspid, and cuspid teeth
American Sign Language (ASL) correct answers A system of nonverbal communication that
uses a set of hand and finger movements to express ideas and concepts
Amplitude correct answers Magnitude or range of movement of sound waves; the greater the
amplitude, the louder the perceived sound
Aneurysm correct answers A sack-like bulge on the wall of a weekend artery; the bulge may
rupture, causing cerebral hemorrhage
Ankyloglossia correct answers Limited movement of the tongue tip due to abnormally short
lingual frenum
Ankylosis correct answers Restricted movement of a bone-joint due to disease
Anomia correct answers Difficulty in naming things, objects, and people; found in many
patients with aphasia
Anoxia correct answers Lack or deficiency of oxygen; potential cause of brain damage
Antecedent Event correct answers A stimulus presented before a target response is produced
or attempted
,Anticipatory Struggle Theory correct answers A theory that states that stuttering is a reaction
of tension and speech fragmentation
Aperiodic correct answers Sound vibrations (or other events) that do not repeat themselves at
regular intervals; aperiodic sound is perceived as noise
Aphasia correct answers A language disorder due to brain damage or disease; a variety of
difficulties in formulating, expressing, and understanding language
Aphonia correct answers Loss of voice
Applied Behavior Analysis (ABA) correct answers Solving clinical, individual, and social
problems with the techniques based on the principles of experimental analysis of behavior
developed by B. F. Skinner; most treatment procedures used in speech-language pathology
are within the realm of ABA
Apraxia correct answers A disorder of sequenced movement of body parts in the absence of
muscle weakness or paralysis
Articulation correct answers Movement; in speech, movement of the speech mechanism to
produce the sounds of speech
Articulation Disorders correct answers Speech sound disorders
Artificial Larynx correct answers A mechanical device that generates sound, which is
articulated into speech by people whose larynx has been surgically removed
Arytenoid Cartilages correct answers Two small, pyramid-shaped cartilages capable of
various kinds of movements; the vocal folds move accordingly because of their attachment to
the arytenoids
Asperger's Syndrome correct answers A part of the autism spectrum disorder; not a separate
diagnostic category in the DSM-V
Aspiration correct answers A problem associated with swallowing disorders; entry of food
into the airway
Assessment correct answers The process of identifying and describing a clinical problem
Assistive Listening Devices (Hearing Assistive Technology Devices) correct answers
Instruments that help people with hearing loss in various communicative situations
Associated Motor Behaviors correct answers Excessive tension, facial grimaces, and
movements of hands, feet, and other body parts; associated with stuttering
Association Fibers correct answers Neural fibers that connect different arts of the brain in the
two hemispheres
, Ataxia correct answers Disturbed balance and abnormal gait caused by damage to the
cerebellum
Ataxic Dysarthria correct answers A speech disorder associated with ataxia
Athetosis correct answers A neurological disorder characterized by slow, involuntary,
writhing, and worm-like movements
Audible Nasal Emission correct answers Noise of gushing air as it escapes through the nose
Audiogram correct answers A graph that shows the results of various hearing tests; a graph of
hearing loss
Audiologist correct answers A specialist in the study of hearing, hearing disorders,
assessment of hearing loss, and rehabilitation of individuals with hearing loss
Audiology correct answers The study and understanding of normal and disordered hearing
and the rehabilitation of individuals with hearing loss
Auditory Brain-Stem Response Audiometry correct answers The technique of recording the
electrical activity of the auditory nerve and the brain stem in response to various sound
stimuli
Auditory Evoked Potentials correct answers The electrical impulses generated by the cochlea,
the acoustic nerve, and the auditory centers of the brain in response to sound
Auditory Training correct answers An aural rehabilitative process of training a person with
the hearing loss to listen to amplified sounds, recognize their meanings, and distinguish one
sound from the other
Auditory Verbal Agnosia correct answers Difficulty in recognizing the meaning of spoken
words unless the objects the words name are shown
Augmentative and Alternative Communication (AAC) correct answers Communication
strategies that either supplement the oral skills (augmentative) or replace them for the most
part (alternative); offered to individuals with severe limitations in oral communication skills
Aural Artesia correct answers A completely closed external ear canal
Aural Rehabilitation correct answers A clinical and intervention program designed to
improve the communicative abilities of people with hearing loss; includes fitting a hearing
device, auditory training, communication-related intervention, counseling, and speech-
language therapy
Auricle correct answers The most visible part of the outer ear; also known as the pinna
Auropalpebral Reflex correct answers A reflex response demonstrated by infants, who upon
hearing a loud sound, quickly close their eyes; if the eyes are already closed, he infants
tighten the eyelids
