Surgical Pharmacology Test 1 with complete accurate answers.
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Course
USMLE
Institution
USMLE
Cholinergic drugs - Answer Used to work with parasympathetic nervous system and vagus nerve to speed up smooth muscle activity (promote intestinal motility and bladder motility) and to counteract nonpolarizing neuromuscular blockers; example prostigmine (Neostigmine)
Surgical Pharmacology Test 1 with complete accurate
answers.
3 sources of drugs - Answer 1. natural
2. chemical synthesis
3. biotechnology
chemical synthesis - Answer synthesized drugs; put together in a lab
Ex. Demerol
natural - Answer from plants, animals, and minerals
Ex. plants: Atropine & Morphine
animals: pigs=porcine; cows=bovine (insulin)
minerals: calcium, magnesium
biotechnology - Answer process that allows production of proteins from
bacteria; used to refer to the concept go genetic engineering and
recombinant DNS technology
Ex. insulin (Humulin) & Human Growth Hormone (HGH)
4 drug classifications - Answer 1. therapeutic action
2. physiological action
3. affected body system
4. chemical type
,therapeutic action - Answer what the drug does for the patient; Ex.
analgesic relieves pain
physiological action - Answer what the drug does in the body; Ex.
histamine receptor antagonists block histamine production
affected body system - Answer what the drug affects; Ex. cardiovascular
agents affect the heart and circulatory system
chemical type - Answer what the drug is for; Ex. barbiturates are a class
of chemical compounds derived from barbituric acid
barbiturates - Answer drugs that act as CNS depressants; Ex. Valium,
Versed, Xanax, Ativan
standing orders (surgery) - Answer protocol (a common situation) on
preference card
verbal order (surgery) - Answer usually one time only; patient specific
spoken and documented in patient's record
stat order (surgery) - Answer immediately; one time only
Ex. during cardiac arrest
,the dosage of medication - Answer medication strength X volume or
amount administered
unit of measure usually metric system: mg, mL, units
drug errors - Answer responsible for up to 7,000 deaths per year
-negligence to label
-incorrect drug knowledge
drug forms - Answer -solids
-semisolids
-liquids
-gases
, Which drug form acts the fastest? Slowest? - Answer fastest=gases
slowest=solids
IM - Answer intramuscularly
IV - Answer intravenously
PO, po - Answer Per os, orally (by mouth)
cap - Answer capsule
gtts - Answer drops
soln - Answer solution
susp - Answer suspension
tab - Answer tablet
ung - Answer ointment
aa - Answer of each
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