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NCHEC Study Guide with correct Answers
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NCHEC Study Guide with correct Answers
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NCHEC Study Guide with correctAnswers
Needs Assessment - Answers -Systematic identification of needs within a population
and determination of the degree to which those needs are being met
6 step process:
scope of work and purpose of needs assessment
gather the data
analyze the data
identify any factors linked to the health problem
identify the focus for the program
validate the need before continuing with the planning process
Primary Data - Answers -Data gathered by the health educator directly from or about
the individual or population of interest
Secondary Data - Answers -Data that have already been collected by others that may or
may not be directly gathered from the individual or population being assessed. US
Census
Stakeholders - Answers -May be involved in program operations as program manager,
program staff, partners, funding agencies, coalition members or those served or
affected by the program/project including patients, clients advocacy groups and
community members
individuals or agencies that have a vested interest in the health education program
Planning models - Answers -Precede proceed
Existing databases available to the public - Answers -BRFSS Behavioral Risk Factor
Surveillance System
National Library of Medicine's PubMed
ERIC Education Resources Information Center
Primary Data Sources - Answers -Surveys
Interviews
Observations
Community forums are public meetings
Focus Groups
Nominal group process: a few reps from priority population are asked to respond to
questions based on specific needs 5-7 people
, Delphi Panel- group process that generates consensus by using a series of mailed or
emailed questionnaires. Process involves individuals from 3 groups: decision makers,
staff and program participants.
Self Assessment instruments
Community capacity inventory and community asset maps are tools for identifying
community resources and issues
Secondary Data Sources - Answers -Federal Gov Agencies: CDC
Vital records: US Census Bureau
Social Security
State and local agencies: BRFSS, YRBSS
Nongovernmental agencies: healthcare systems
Existing records: health data
Literature: peer reviewed journals
Predisposing factors - Answers -individual knowledge and affective traits
Enabling factors - Answers -factors that make possible a change in behavior
Reinforcing factors - Answers -feedback and encouragement resulting from a changed
behavior, perhaps from significant or important others
Community's capacity to solve its health problems: - Answers -identify community
resources (persons, groups, places), abilities, skills, networks, strengths, talents
create or strengthen the relationships between community members and community
orgs
mobilize the community around its strengths/resources
rally the community to develop a health vision of the future and introduce any outside
resources to fill gaps
Logic models - Answers -Can also be used after the needs assessment phase to
assess community capacity.
In a logic model, program inputs are linked to program activities or events. the outputs
of the activities or programming are then linked to the short, intermediate and long term
outcomes or intended program effects. logic models have the potential to serve as
visual roadmaps around which key evaluation/research questions can be generated.
Primary prevention - Answers -Targeted toward health individuals to attempt to reduce
risk for illness or injury
Secondary prevention - Answers -involve screenings to help diagnose existing disease,
so that a person can seek treatment
Tertiary prevention - Answers -focus on rehab after a major health event or diagnosis
High changeability, highly important - Answers -high priority
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