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FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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FCCN LEVEL 1 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERSminimum urine output for adult - Answers- 0.5mL/kg/hr
ADH (antidiuretic hormone) - Answers- - water retainer
- vasoconstrictor (also called Vasopressin)
- produced by hypothalamus
- store and released from posterior pituitary
ADH pathway - Answers- - hypothalamus senses low blood volumed and increased
serum osmolality
- signal pituitary to release ADH
- ADH causes kidney to retain water
- water retention increases blood volume and decreases serum osmolality
ANP (atrial natriuretic peptide) - Answers- - cardiac hormone stored in atria
- released when atrial pressure increases
*works opposite of RAAS by decreasing BP and reducing intravascular volume
- important diagnostic marker in CHF
hydrostatic pressure - Answers- - forces fluids and solutes through the capillary wall
and into the tissue spaces
colloid osmotic pressure - Answers- - pulling force of albumin in the intravascular
spaces
- pull fluid into vasculature
maintenance fluid therapy - Answers- - replaces normal ongoing losses of water and
electrolytes (urine, sweat, respiration, stool)
replacement therapy - Answers- - corrects any existing water and or electrolyte deficits
isotonic fluids - Answers- - tonicity equal to plasma in the body
- no fluid shifts because the solutions are equally concentrated
- LR
- NS
- D5W
, hypotonic fluids - Answers- - lower concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in
the cell
- fluid shifts into the cell to dilute the electrolytes (CELL SWELLS)
- 0.45NS
hypertonic fluid - Answers- - higher concentration of solutes in the vasculature than in
the cell
- pulls fluid out of cells and into the vessels (CELL SHRINKS)
- D5 .45NS
- D5NS
- D5LR
- 3%, 7%, 23.4% NaCl
colloids - Answers- - pull fluid into bloodstream
Albumin
- 5% is osmotically equal to plasma
- 25% draws 4 times the normal volume into the circulation
blood - Answers- - not a risk free fluid replacement
- this is liquid transplant
third spacing - Answers- - fluid is not lost from the body but the fluid is not available for
use in the intracellular or extracellular compartments (fluid is in between tissues/cells)
- this patient is intravascularly dry and still needs more fluid
-
can you give platelets through the ranger - Answers- - no it will aggreggate the platelets
hyponatremia - Answers- - less than 135 -145
- weakness
- abdominal cramping/leg cramps
- dizzy
- change in LOC
- seizures
different ways to treat hyponatremia - Answers- - hypovolemic (give IV fluid)
- euvolemic (fluid restriction)
- hypervolemic (diuretic)
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