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AC-HPAT Prep Exam Questions and Answers Fully Solved
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Exam of 11 pages for the course AC-HPAT at AC-HPAT (AC-HPAT Prep Exam)
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AC-HPAT Prep ExamProteins - answer Nutrients the body uses to build and maintain its cells and tissues
made up of amino acids
Anaerobic Respiration - answer Respiration in the absence of oxygen. This produces
lactic acid.
endocytosis and exocytosis - answer cold/hot active transport
What is a pyruvate? - answer end product of glycolysis
Ribosomes - answer site of protein synthesis in the cell
the cell - answer The basic unit of structure and function in living things
prokaryotic cell - answer cell lacking a nucleus and other membrane bound organelles
eukaryotic cell - answer A cell that contains a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles
cellular respiration - answerProcess that releases energy by breaking down glucose and
other food molecules in the presence of oxygen
aerobic respiration - answerForm of cellular respiration which requires oxygen to
generate energy.
four types of transport that allow small molecules to move across the cell membrane: -
answerDiffusion, Osmosis, Active Transport, and Passive Transport.
Prokaryotic Reproduction - answerbinary fission (asexual) (dividing 1/2)
binary fission - answerA form of asexual reproduction in which the parent divides into
two identical halves.
cytokinesis - answerThe division of cytoplasm into two identical daughter cells, which
occurs during the telophase stage of mitosis.
haploid cell - answerA cell that contains one set of chromosomes
diploid cell - answerA cell that contains two sets of chromosomes
chromatin - answerClusters of DNA, RNA, and proteins in the nucleus of a cell
, centriole - answerstructure in an animal cell that helps to organize cell division
chromosome - answera threadlike structure of nucleic acids and protein found in the
nucleus of most living cells, carrying genetic information in the form of genes.
DNA - answerdeoxyribonucleic acid, a self-replicating material present in nearly all living
organisms as the main constituent of chromosomes. It is the carrier of genetic
information.
RNA - answerribonucleic acid, a nucleic acid present in all living cells. Its principal role
is to act as a messenger carrying instructions from DNA for controlling the synthesis of
proteins, although in some viruses RNA rather than DNA carries the genetic
information.
Nucleotide - answermonomer of nucleic acids made up of a 5-carbon sugar, a
phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base
transcription - answersynthesis of an RNA molecule from a DNA template
translation - answerProcess by which mRNA is decoded and a protein is produced
What is a chromotid? - answerhalf of a chromosome
allele - answerAn alternative form of a gene; one from each parent; dominant vs
recessive
phenotype - answerAn organism's physical appearance, or visible traits.
genotype - answerAn organism's genetic makeup.
incomplete dominance - answerA pattern of inheritance in which two alleles, inherited
from the parents, are neither dominant nor recessive. The resulting offspring have a
phenotype that is a blending of the parental traits.
mutant phenotypes - answerdue to alleles assumed to have originated as changes, or
mutations, in the wild-type allele
function of the circulatory system - answerTo distrubute blood and associated chemicals
through the body.
function of the respiratory system - answerTo take in oxygen and eliminate carbon
dioxide.
function of the digestive system - answerTo break down food for energy, reabsorb water
and nutrients, and eliminate waste.
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