Exam (elaborations)

AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support Exam / PALS Exam (answered)

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General Biology I

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General Biology I

AHA Pediatric Advanced Life Support Exam / PALS Exam (answered)Greetings Fellow Explorer: The decimation of the sunstalk forest has left many of Sarcannus' creatures without food or shelter. Your careful investigation of the environment points to a likely cause: metal poisoning. Fortunately, we...

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aha pediatric advanced life support exam pals ex

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Lab Instructions Genetics and Evolution Act I Mission Memo

General Biology I (Arizona State University)

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Lab Instructions: Genetics and Evolution Act I Mission Memo

Greetings Fellow Explorer:

The decimation of the sunstalk forest has left many of Sarcannus' creatures without food
or shelter. Your careful investigation of the environment points to a likely cause: metal
poisoning.

Fortunately, we discovered a few healthy sunstalks growing in the contaminated region.
These survivors could be the key to saving this endangered ecosystem. If we confirm
that heavy metals have contaminated the soil, we should conduct an experiment to
determine whether the metal tolerance of the surviving sunstalks stems can be passed to
their offspring.

We need to work quickly to restore the sunstalk forest as a home for the stalkleapers.
Use the following questions to guide your work:

● Do concentrations of heavy metals in the soil of the Sarcannian forest exceed the
limit for healthy life?

● How should we design a breeding experiment to determine the genetic basis of
metal tolerance?

● What phenotypes should we observe among offspring if metal tolerance depends
on a dominant, recessive, or incompletely dominant allele?

Universally in your debt,

The AI

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Appendix 1
Does the concentration of cadmium in the Sarcannian water
exceed the limit for healthy life?

We cannot ignore the overlap between the areas where sunstalks have died and the
position of water pipes in the Sarcannian forest. This observation suggests that heavy
metals from the pipes might have contributed to the death of the sunstalks. At high
concentrations, heavy metals can kill an organism in several ways. For example, many
heavy metals bind to proteins in cells and prevent these proteins from functioning. Other
heavy metals trigger a natural process of cell death, called apoptosis.

An artificial environment such as the Intergalactic Wildlife Sanctuary could contain
elevated levels of heavy metals. In fact, heavy metals make up a fraction of the elements
found in the structural framework of the sanctuary. Given the corrosion that we observed
on the water pipes, we might expect that certain heavy metals have accumulated in the
water used by the sunstalks in Sarcannus.

The Intergalactic Wildlife Federation (IWF) follows the health and safety
recommendations of the Galactic Environmental Treaty, which limits the concentrations
of potentially harmful chemicals. This treaty specifies that no heavy metal should exceed
a concentration of 100 parts per million (ppm) in water, which equals 100 mg of metal per
liter of water (mg L-1). Any concentration greater than this limit could harm an organism
such as a sunstalk.

One heavy metal we know can be particularly dangerous to life is called cadmium
(abbreviated in your periodic table as Cd). On Earth, cadmium has a variety of uses,
including being used to make certain batteries and solar cells. My archives show that
cadmium is one of several heavy metals present in the infrastructure throughout the
sanctuary - so it certainly has the potential to be present in the Sarcannian groundwater.

Your samples of water from the Sarcannian forest will enable us to determine whether
any type of heavy metal exceeds the recommended limit for life. We’ll focus our initial
analysis on cadmium given we know how dangerous it can be to life. We will follow three
steps to answer the question “Does the concentration of cadmium in the Sarcannian
forest water exceed the limit for healthy life?”

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Step 1: Anticipate your analysis. Determine what you should observe if the
concentrations of cadmium in water samples exceed the recommended limit. This step
will help us identify the evidence needed to build an argument in Step 3.

Step 2: Calculate the probability that the concentration of cadmium in water exceeds
the recommended limit of 100 mg L-1. Determine whether the concentration of cadmium
in water likely exceeds the recommended limit. This step gives us the evidence needed
to build an argument in Step 3, when we will conclude if an elevated concentration of
cadmium in water could explain the widespread death of sunstalks.

Step 3: Weigh the evidence and conclude if an elevated concentration of cadmium in
water could explain the widespread death of sunstalks. Construct an argument to
answer the question “Could an elevated concentration of cadmium have caused the
widespread death of sunstalks in the Sarcannian forest?” Your argument should draw on
your calculations in Steps 1 and 2.

Step 1: Anticipate your analysis.

To construct a sound argument, one must anticipate the evidence needed to support a
claim. In this assignment, you can choose between two claims:

Potential Claim 1: Yes, the concentration of cadmium exceeds the limit for healthy
life.

Potential Claim 2: No, the concentration of cadmium does not exceed the limit for
healthy life.

Directions: For question 1, evaluate each of the three figures in the question below and
determine which one would support the claim “Yes, the concentration of cadmium
exceeds the limit for healthy life.”

1. The answer choices below show the normal probability distribution that best
represents the frequency distribution of the concentration of cadmium (mg L-1) in
20 samples taken from three different locations. In each figure, the y-axis
represents the probability of observing a concentration of cadmium less than the
corresponding concentration of cadmium on the x-axis. The x-axis represents the
concentration of cadmium (mg L-1), with higher values indicating more cadmium

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Exam (elaborations)

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