CHAPTER 66 CRITICAL CARE PART 2 (AIRWAY MANAGEMENT & MECHANICAL
VENTILATION) QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS 2024 - 2025
Artificial,Airways,,ANS,-
,,Placement,of,a,tube,into,the,trachea,to,bypass,upper,airway,and,laryngeal,structures
Endotracheal,(ET),intubation
-,Via,mouth,or,nose,past,larynx
Tracheostomy
-,Via,stoma,in,neck
Indication,for,Artificial,Airways,,ANS,-,,Upper,airway,obstruction,(e.g.,,tumor)
Apnea
High,risk,of,aspiration,
Ineffective,clearance,of,secretions,
Respiratory,distress
Oral,ET,intubation,,ANS,-,,Procedure,of,choice
Airway,can,be,secured,rapidly
Larger-diameter,tube,can,be,used,
-,Decreases,work,of,breathing,(WOB)
-,Easier,to,remove,secretions,and,perform,bronchoscopy
,Associated,risks
Nasal,ET,intubation,,ANS,-,,ET,tube,placed,blindly
Used,when,head,and,neck,manipulation,is,risky
Contraindicated,with,facial,and,basilar,skull,fractures,
Also,used,after,cranial,surgery
Associated,risks
ET,tube,preparation,,ANS,-,,Consent
Patient,teaching
ET,tube,equipment,,ANS,-,,Self-inflating,bag-valve-mask,(BVM),attached,to,oxygen
Suctioning,equipment
IV,access
Rapid,sequence,intubation,(RSI),for,ET,intubation,,ANS,-
,,Rapid,,concurrent,administration,of,sedative,and,paralytic,agents
Decreases,risks,of,aspiration,and,injury,to,patient
Not,indicated,for,cardiac,arrest,or,difficult,airway
Monitor,oxygenation,status
, what,to,do,BEFORE,ET,intubation,,ANS,-,,Sniffing,position
Preoxygenate,using,BVM,with,100%,O2,for,3-5,minutes,
Limit,each,intubation,attempt,to,
<30,seconds
Ventilate,patient,between,successive,attempts,using,BVM,with,100%,O2
How,to,confirm,placement,of,ET,tube,,ANS,-,,End-tidal,CO2,detector
Auscultate,lungs,bilaterally
Auscultate,epigastrium
Observe,chest,wall,movement
Monitor,SpO2
What,to,do,after,proper,ET,tube,placement,,ANS,-,,Connect,tube,to,O2,source
Secure,airway
Suction,ET,tube,and,pharynx
Insert,bite,block
Obtain,chest,x-ray,