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EMR - AHASTI FINAL QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS UPDATED
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EMR - AHASTI FINAL QUESTIONS ANDANSWERS UPDATED 2024 - 2025
ASA,(Aspirin),-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,1,x,325,mg,OR,2,x,81,mg
Indication:,Ischemic,chest,pain,(Angina,or,MI)
Contraindications:,Allergy,,Bleeding,disorder,,unconscious,,asthma,with,past,history,of,sensitivity
Side,Effects:,GI,Upset,,Heartburn,,N/V
How,to,administer:,Chewed,and,swallowed
MAX,1,DOSE
Salbutamol,(Ventolin),-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,100,msg/,spray,(puff)
Indications:,severe,bronchospasm,due,to,chronic,bronchitis,or,shortness,of,breath,due,to,asthma
Contraindications:,Allergic,to,salbutamol
Side,Effects:,Muscle,tremors,,Transient,muscle,cramps,,Tachycardia,,Nervousness,,N/V,,Headache,,Heart,
palpitations
How,to,administer:,Assist,pt.,Shake,canister,,inhale,and,hold,for,5-10,sec.,Repeat,PRN,every,30-
60,sec,as,needed
Ipratropium,Bromide,(Atrovent),-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,20,msg/,spray,(puff)
Indications:,Severe,bronchospasm,due,to,chronic,bronchitis,or,shortness,of,breath,due,to,asthma
Contraindications:,Allergy,to,Ipratropium,Bromide,or,atropine.,Allergy,to,soy,lethicin,or,related,food,pro
ducts,(soybean/,peanuts)
Side,Effects:,Muscle,tremors,,Transient,muscle,cramps,,Tachycardia,,Nervousness,,N/V,,Heart,palpitation
s,,Headache
How,to,Administer:,Pt.,assist.,Shake,container.,Inhale,,hold,for,5-10,sec.,Repeat,every,30-
60,sec,as,needed.
Epinephrine,(Adrenalin),-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,0.3,mg,IM,(later,aspect,of,thigh)
Indications:,Anaphylaxis
Contraindications:,None,in,emergent,setting
,Side,Effects:,Headache,,Anxiety,,Heart,Palpitations,,Angina,,N/V,,Cardiac,Arrhythmias,,Acute,hypertensio
n,,Pallor,,Shortness,of,breath
How,to,administer:,Pt.,Assist,,Should,be,administered,in,lateral,aspect,of,thigh,@,90,degree,angle.,Hold,f
or,10,sec,and,rub.
Oral,Glucose,-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,25,g
Indications:,S/S,of,hypoglycemia,w/,BGL,less,than,3.8,mmol/L
Contraindications:,Unconscious,,Patient,unable,to,follow,commands,,Hyperglycemia
Side,Effects:,N/V
How,to,administer:,Must,be,swallowed.,Tongue,depressor,can,be,used.,Repeat,once,every,5,min,if,neede
d.,MAX,DOSE,50,g
Naloxone,(Narcan),-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,0.8,mg,IM,OR,2,mg,IN,(1,mg,each,nare)
Indication:,Suspected,opiate,overdose
Contraindications:,Hypersensitivity
Side,Effects:,Anger/,Agitation,,Sweating,,N/V,,Anxiety,,Confusion
How,to,administer:,IM,every,5,min,in,lateral,aspect,of,thigh,to,MAX,of,3.2,mg;
IN,every,3-5,min,to,MAX,of,4,mg
Nitrous,Oxide,(Entonox),-,NOT,IN,SCOPE,-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,self,administer
Indications:,Pain,due,to,burns,,musculoskeletal,injuries,,fractures,,child,birth
Contraindications:,Unable,to,follow,directions,,intoxication,,her,and/or,altered,LOC,,thoracic,injury,,bow
el,injury/,abdominal,pain
Side,Effects:,Dizziness,,N/V,,tingling,in,fingers,,dry,mouth
How,to,administer:,pt.,assist.,Invert,tank,3x,prior,to,admin.
Nitroglycerin,(Nitrostat),-,NOT,IN,SCOPE,-,Medication,,ANS,-,,Dose:,0.4,mg,SL,spray
Indications:,suspected,MI,OR,Angina
Contraindications:,Systolic,BP,under,100
Viagra,w/in,last,24,hrs
,Cialis,w/in,last,36,hrs
Levitra,w/in,last,48,hrs
Side,Effects:,Lightheadedness,,headache,,dizziness,,N/V,,syncope
How,to,Administer:,One,prime,spray,away,from,pt.,Spray,one,spray,under,tongue,of,pt.,Repeat,every,5,
min,until,pain,level,0.
Impaled,Object,-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-
,,1),Delegate,immobilization,of,object,using,log,cabin,dressing,(If,obstructing,airway,OR,CPR,object,may,b
e,removed,-,MUST,contact,online,medical,control),,2),Consider,transport,position,that,makes,sense
Deadly,Bleed,-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-
,,1),Expose,and,examine,,2),Delegate,direct,pressure,w/,gloved,hand,(If,C-
Spine,necessary,should,be,manually,controlled,first,THEN,bleeding),,3),Pressure,dressing,w/,bandage,4),I
f,bleeding,not,controlled,use,tourniquet,,5),Change,gloves,and,continue
Fracture/,Dislocation,-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-
,,1),Delegate,manual,stabilization,,2),Apply,split,in,secondary,inspection;,A),Check,CMS,,B),Apply,splint,(m
ust,extend,beyond,joint),,C),Pad,splint,,D),Secure,above,and,below,fracture,,E),Re-check,CMS
Spinal,Motion,Restriction,(SMR),-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-
,,1),Delegate,manual,stabilization,PRIOR,to,introduction,,2),Apply,C-
Collar,,3),Roll,to,board,,4),strap,shoulder-,hip/,shoulder-hip,,5),Strap,hip-knee/,hip-
knee,,6),Head,blocks,and,tape,,7),Release,manual,C-Spine
Sucking,Chest,Wound,(Alberta),-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-,,1),Seal,chest,wound,w/,gloved,hand
2),Delegate,partner,to,cover,wound,w/,occlusive,dressing,taped,on,3,sides,(open,side,facing,the,ground)
3),Re-check,for,signs,of,full,occlusion,-,burp,as,necessary
Eviscerated,Organs,-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-
,,1),Expose,and,examine,where,blood,is,found,,2),Cover,organs,w/,moist,sterile,dressing,,3),cover,dressin
g,w/,occlusive,dressing,taped,on,all,4,sides,,4),cover,pt.,w/,blanket
Pelvic,Bind,-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-,,S/S=,Crepitus,in,pelvis
, 1),Delegate,manual,stabilization,of,pelvis,,2),prepare,appropriate,equipment
3),Place,pelvic,bind,blanket,under,hips
4),ensure,blanket,is,even,on,both,sides.,Twist,blanket,and,pass,to,partner
5),Pass,two,more,times
6),Flair,out,blanket,and,secure,w,Kelly,clamps
**Use,scoop,if,SMR,necessary
Intracranial,Pressure,(ICP/,Cushings,Triad),-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-,,S/S=
1),Hypertension,-,BP,over,180,systolic,(increasing)
2),Bradycardia,-,Pulse,under,60,BPM,(decreasing)
3),Cheyne-stokes,breathing,-,Deep/irrgenular,breathing,w/,periods,of,apnea
*All,3,must,be,confirmed,to,proceed,with,treatment
Other:,Unequal,pupils,,posturing,,dropping,GCS,in,EMR,presence,,seizures,,N/V,,unresponsive
CARE:,BVM,@,15,LPM,
Elevate,head,15-20,degrees
Hyperventilate:,Breath,every,3,seconds
Flail,Chest,-,CRITICAL,INTERVENTION,,ANS,-,,S/S,=,paradoxical,chest,movement
1),Hand,stabilize,flail,segment
2),Delegate,partner,to,apply,bulky,dressing,and,tape,towards,head,and,feet
Cushings,Triad/,ICP,,ANS,-,,1),Hypertension,-,BP,over,180,systolic,(increasing)
2),Bradycardia,-,Pulse,under,60,BPM,(decreasing)
3),Cheyne-stokes,breathing,-,Deep/irrgenular,breathing,w/,periods,of,apnea
Response,to,increase,intracranial,pressure,ex.,cerebral,hematoma
Angina,vs.,Myocardial,Infarction,(MI),,ANS,-
,,Angina:,When,O2,demands,of,heart,exceed,available,supply,(usually,last,less,than,10,mins),
S/S,=,contracting,chest,pain,,pain,in,neck/jaw/arms
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