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BI 234 MODULE 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED

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BI 234 MODULE 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED A newly discovered organism is found to use chemical energy to drive ATP synthesis and inorganic chemicals as an electron source. What terms best describe this organism? Is this organism more likely to be a prokaryote o...

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  • November 9, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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BI 234 MODULE 4 EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH

COMPLETE SOLUTIONS VERIFIED


A newly discovered organism is found to use chemical energy to drive ATP

synthesis and inorganic chemicals as an electron source. What terms best

describe this organism? Is this organism more likely to be a prokaryote or

eukaryote?

organism would be categorized as a chemolithotroph. more likely to be a prokaryote

plants and many bacteria are characterized as photoautolithotrophs. what does

this mean?

photoautolithotrophs are organisms that use light to provide the energy needed to drive

ATP synthesis; use CO2 as a carbon source; use inorganic chemicals as an electron

source

what is the effect of an allosteric inhibitor on the shape of an enzyme and its

active site?

allosteric inhibitors induce a conformational change in the enzyme that leads to a

change in the shape of the active site that prevents the substrate from binding

In E.coli, when amino acid tryptophan is high in the cell, trp binds to the first

enzyme in the metabolic pathway, inhibiting enzyme activity and trp biosynthesis.

what term is used for this metabolic regulation?

feedback inhibition; it is a specialized allosteric inhibition, occurs when there's a buildup

of product

, what is the "maximum" number of ATP molecules produced per molecule of

glucose in aerobic respiration, anaerobic respiration, and fermentation?

aerobic respiration is 38 ATP, anaerobic respiration is 36 ATP, fermentation is 2 ATP

what characteristics differentiate fermentation from anaerobic respiration?

fermentation doesn't use ETC or chemiosmosis, it's final electron acceptor is only

organic molecules, and it produces far less ATP

How does oxidation of a molecule occur without molecular oxygen?

Oxidation is the loss of an electron. Oxygen is not required for this chemical reaction

what are the products for each of the following kinds of fermentation; alcohol

fermentation by yeast, heterolactic fermentation, and homolactic fermentation?

alcohol fermentation by yeast = ethanol and CO2

heterolactic fermentation = lactic acid, ethanol, and CO2

homolactic fermentation = lactic acid

Homolactic Lactobacillus spp are used in the production of cheddar cheese. How

do you think this is related to the differences in extra sharp cheddar (aged a year

or more) and mild cheddar (aged 3 months)?

as aging time increases (more fermentation), so does lactic acid concentration

which organism would have a faster evolutionary rate, one that reproduces every

20 years or one that reproduces every 20 hours?

an organism that reproduces every 20 hours would evolve faster

what are the functions of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase?

these enzymes convert harmful, reactive oxygen molecules into harmless molecules

obligate aerobes _______ oxygen and __________ detoxify

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