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UMKC BIO 109 EXAM 5 STUDY SET
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UMKC BIO 109 EXAM 5 STUDY SETTo maintain homeostasis, freshwater fish must:
- excrete large quantities of electrolytes.
- consume large quantities of water.
- excrete large quantities of water.
- take in electrolytes through simple diffusion
excrete large quantities of water.
-
The necropsy (postmortem analysis) of a freshwater fish that died after being
placed accidentally in saltwater would likely show that:
- loss of water by osmosis from cells in vital organs resulted in cell death and
organ failure.
- high amounts of salt had diffused into the fish's cells, causing them to swell
and lyse.
- the kidneys were not able to keep up with the water removal necessary in this
hyperosmotic environment, creating an irrevocable loss of homeostasis.
- the gills became encrusted with salt, resulting in inadequate gas exchange and
resulting asphyxiation.
loss of water by osmosis from cells in vital organs resulted in cell death and
organ failure.
As filtrate moves down the loop of Henle, the surrounding interstitial fluid has a
_____ osmolarity than the filtrate, so _____ leave(s) the filtrate.
- higher, water
- lesser, urea
- higher, urea
- lesser, water
- lesser, water and urea
higher, water
,Which row of observations would be the most likely for these organisms in their
natural environment?
-A
-B
-c
-D
-E
C
One of the waste products that accumulates during cellular functions is carbon
dioxide. It is removed via the respiratory system. What other waste products
may accumulate during normal physiological functioning in a vertebrate?
- ammonia and urea
- uric acid and urea
- ammonia and urea
- ammonia, uric acid, and urea
ammonia, uric acid, and urea
A renal physiologist wants to determine the rate of filtration in the glomeruli of
the kidneys. The best experimental design would be to inject a substance into
the blood which:
- cannot pass through the glomerular capillaries.
- can pass through the glomerular capillaries, but is totally reabsorbed in the
renal tubules.
- can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is partially reabsorbed in the
renal tubules.
- can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the renal
tubules.
can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the renal
tubules.
, Urea is the primary nitrogenous waste product of:
- humans
- most birds
- most aquatic invertebrates
humans
Among the following species, the most concentrated urine is excreted by:
- frogs
- kangaroo rats
- humans
- freshwater bass
- sea stars
kangaroo rats
A human who has no access to fresh water but is forced to drink seawater
instead will:
- thrive under such conditions, as long as he has lived at the ocean most of his
life.
- excrete more water molecules than taken in, because of the high load of ion
ingestion.
- develop structural changes in the kidneys to accommodate the salt overload.
- risk becoming overhydrated within twelve hours.
excrete more water molecules than taken in, because of the high load of ion
ingestion.
-
Which of the following most accurately describes selective permeability?
- An input of energy is required for transport.
- There must be a concentration gradient for molecules to pass through a
membrane.
- Only certain molecules can cross a cell membrane.
- Molecules diffuse against their concentration gradients.
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