CARDIOLOGY ABIM EXAM
2024/2025
(Questions With 100% Correct Answers)
(A+ Graded Verified)
What is a positive pressure test - ANSWER Level or Down slanting St-section misery >1 mm
happening 80 msec after j point
When to stop a pressure test - ANSWER St fragment melancholy > 2 mm, ventricular tachycardia,
drop in SBP > 15, chest torment, dyspnea, unsteadiness
Stress trial of decision with a LBBB or ventricular pacing? - ANSWER Myocardial perfusion
imaging with adenosine,NOT working out!
Know the calculation for stress testing - ANSWER See page 5-3,figure 5-1
When to not utilize doutamine for stress - ANSWER History of VT, extreme HTN, Low BP,
unfortunate reverberation pictures
When to not involve adenosine for stress - ANSWER Bronchospasm, serious valvular brokenness,
extreme carotid stenosis, second degree heart block, theophylline subordinate
Normals for Dad catheter pressures - ANSWER RA <7, RV 30/7, PCWP 3-11
Dad cath discoveries in tamponade or prohibitive pericarditis - ANSWER Diastolic tensions raised
and adjusted in all chambers, low BP
,Dad cath discoveries with RV AMI - ANSWER Raised RA and Dad pressures, diminished or nl
PCWP, hypotension, and substandard MI. R side is decompensated, can't fill L side of the heart
Dad cath discoveries in cardiogenic shock - ANSWER Raised PCWP, RA pressure, and diminished
SBP/cardiovascular result
Dad cath discoveries in mitral stenosis with RV disappointment - ANSWER Raised RA, Dad
(extremely raised), PCWP, nl SBP
Dad cath discoveries in aspiratory HTN - ANSWER Raised Dad, RA pressures, nl PCWP, SBP
Pulsus paradoxus - ANSWER decline in systolic BP of more than 10mmHg with ordinary
motivation; touched as debilitated beat with motivation alongside more heart compressions to beat
thumps
What conditions give you pulsus paradoxus? - ANSWER Constrictive or prohibitive pericarditis,
asthma, pressure pneumothorax
What gives you pulsus bisferiens (two systolic pinnacles for each cycle) - ANSWER Aortic
disgorging, HOCM
What causes pulsus alternans - ANSWER Serious LV brokenness
What causes pulsus tardus - ANSWER Aortic stenosis
,How do positional moves influence blood stream and mumbles - Reply - standing/valsalva -
diminished cardiovascular filling, diminishes most mumbles with the exception of MVP and HOCM
-crouching/resting - increment cardiovascular volume, expanded mumbles aside from MVP, HOCM
-supported handgrip - increments fundamental opposition, diminishes mumble in HOCM, AS
What causes a physiologic split S2 - ANSWER Expanded blood volume in the RV drags out systole
and defers pneumonic valve conclusion
What causes a decent parted S2 - ANSWER Pneumonic stenosis, PE, LV pacer, RBBB, MR (early
AV conclusion), ASD, RV failue
What causes a paradoxic split S2 - ANSWER LBBB, RV pacing, HOCM
What causes a S3? - ANSWER Quick LV filling - intense ventricular decompensation, serious AR
or MR
KNOW - S3 with LV brokenness is an unfortunate prognostic element - Reply ...
What causes a S4? - ANSWER Diminished ventricular consistence during atrial constriction -
ischemic heart dz, AS, MR, HOCM, hypertrophic or diabetic cardiomyopathy, HTN heart dz,
concentric LVH
Could you at any point have a S4 with atrial fibrillation? - ANSWER No - no atrial compression
What are the pieces of the venous waveform? - ANSWER A wave - atrial compression
X plunge - atria unwind, RV fills quickly
, Lower part of x plummet is TC valve conclusion
V wave - ventricle reaching against shut TC valve
Y plunge - TC valve opens, inactive purging into ventricle
What offers raised an and v waves - Response Pneumonic HTN, RV localized necrosis
Huge r side v waves - ANSWER Septal burst
Enormous v waves - ANSWER TR (right), MR (left)
Fast x and y drop - ANSWER Constrictive pericarditis, prohibitive cardiomyopathy, tamponade (x
plummet just, loss of y plunge)
Huge a waves - ANSWER TS,severe RVH (on right), MS
Gun a waves - ANSWER AV disassociation - complete heart block, ventricular pacing
Slow Y plummet - ANSWER Deferred atrial exhausting - TS
Most significant prognostic element with computer aided design - ANSWER Level of LV
brokenness
Reasons for resting ST height - ANSWER MI, pericarditis, LV aneurysm, LBBB, ventricular
pacing, LVH, early repolarization
