COGS 107A Neuroanatomy and Physiology 2024-2025
COGS 107A Lecture 6 Exam Review Questions with Correct Answers |
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a valuable tool for characterizing the neuronal
measuring electrical
potential difference membrane at rest, as well as changes across the
cell membrane
in what ways can you use across a capacitor; across a cell membrane
a voltmeter
leak channel ion channels that are always open
why are leak channels important component of resting membrane potential
important
types of intracellular current clamp, voltage clamp, patch clamp
recording techniques
current clamp injection of a kown current into the neuron while
membrane voltage is free to change
1) current is injected into the cell; 2) changes to
steps of current clamp
voltage across the membrane are measured
study how much the membrane potential changes
why is current clamp used
in response to a current; similar to opening of ion
channels
what can be measured conductance (ohm's law, I = gV)
using the current clamp
given current and
voltage response
voltage clamp a desired voltage is maintained by the injection of a
current
1) current is injected to maintain a desired
steps of voltage clamp
voltage that is equal and opposite the ionic
current; 2) possible to measure the current that is
injected to obtain a certain voltage
what can be changes in conductance that occur at different
characterized using membrane potentials by measuring the currents
voltage clamp that flow across the membrane
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changes in conductance that are due to opening
particularly useful and closing of voltage-gated ion channels;
characterizing what enables determination of time course of ionic
changes using voltage currents as a function of membrane voltage
clamp without complication of changes to membrane
voltage due to current flow
fundamental experiments Na+ and K+ conductance at different voltages;
volrage clamp methods lead to understanding of ion channel dynamics
characterized underlying rising and falling phases of action
potential
given the voltage across conductance
the membrane and current
injected it is possible to
calculate
reveals temporal dynamics of
k+ / na+ conductance channel opening/ closing
following degrees of during action potential
polarization
method in which membrane potential of a patch
patch clamp
of membrane is held constnat while current
through membrane channels is measured
1) tip of an electrode is placed adjacent to small
patch of neuronal membrane; 2) in one version
patch clamp steps
patch can be torn away and ionic currents across
it can be measured as membrane potential is
clamped at any value the experimenter selects;
3) patch will only contain a single channel,
behavior can be studied
what does the patch recording of ionic currents through single
clamp technique enable channels; changes in conductance at different
and characterize membrane potentials
what are the advantages and disadvantages
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