COGS 107A Neuroanatomy and Physiology 2024-
2025COGS 107A Midterm 2 Exam Prep Study Guide
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, The process of information transfer at a synapse
Synaptic Transmission
Contains gap junctions that allow the direct
transfer of ionic current from once cell to the
next (Bidirectional)
Electrical Synapses
Common in brain areas that require great
synchronization like motor control
The transfer of chemicals in the synaptic
cleft from once neuron to another
Chemical Synapses
Connexons connect neighboring cells to
rapidly move energy or electricity to other
cells. "Tunnels"
Gap Junction
Common in early development to have
both types of synapses in neighboring cells
for maturation of certain areas
In a gap junction, a protein channel linking
adjacent animal cells.
Connexon
Six connexins combine to form this
Action Potential A neural impulse; a brief electrical charge that travels down an axon.
Postsynaptic Potential A voltage change at the receptor site on a postsynaptic cell membrane
The narrow gap that separates the
presynaptic neuron from the
Synaptic Cleft
postsynaptic cell in a chemical synapse
The endpoint of a neuron where
neurotransmitters are stored (Contains the
Axon Terminal Synaptic Vesicles which store the NT for
Exocytosis and Secretory Granules) (Area of
Voltage Gated Calcium Channels)
Cone shaped region of an axon where it joins
the cell body. (Releases Amino Acids and
Axon Hillock
Amines) (Area of Voltage Gated Sodium
Channels)
Tiny pouches or sacs in the axon terminals
that contain chemicals called
Synaptic Vesicle
neurotransmitters.
Larger vesicles in the axon terminals that contain soluble protein. (Dense
Secretory Granules
Core Vesicles that releases Peptides)
Membrane Differentiations Dense regions of the presynaptic and postsynaptic membranes packed with proteins
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