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ASQ: Ch 13 Problem-Solving Tools (P 314 - 352) Exam Study Guide Solutions $12.49   Add to cart

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ASQ: Ch 13 Problem-Solving Tools (P 314 - 352) Exam Study Guide Solutions

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ASQ: Ch 13 Problem-Solving Tools (P 314 - 352) Exam Study Guide Solutions 7 Classic Quality Tools - ANSWER-Scientific tools for analyzing, communicating and improving process performance. They add efficiency & accuracy to data & decisions. 1. Flowchart 2. Control Charts 3. Histograms 4. Scat...

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  • November 10, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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ASQ: Ch 13 Problem-Solving Tools (P 314 -

352) Exam Study Guide Solutions


7 Classic Quality Tools - ANSWER✔✔-Scientific tools for analyzing, communicating and improving

process performance. They add efficiency & accuracy to data & decisions.




1. Flowchart


2. Control Charts


3. Histograms


4. Scatter Diagrams


5. Check Sheets


6. Pareto Diagram


7. Cause & Effect Diagram


Flowchart Uses - ANSWER✔✔--Often starting process for process improvement


-Document as-is condition of a process


-Reflect changes to be made to a process (duplication, redundancies, can this be done differently)


-Design an entirely new process




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-Fulfill ISO 9001 standard requirement to id and document org process and sequence and interaction of

these processes




Flow charting of a process is done to help analyze the process and confirm that it follows written

instructions. The result of this analysis may lead to the elimination of process steps or modification of

the instructions.


check sheet - ANSWER✔✔-Used to gather data on frequency of occurrence




Structured for collecting and analyzing data; generic tool for a wide variety of uses; clusters indicate the

biggest problem areas become visually quickly apparent.




Some examples are A) Recording Charts (tick sheets), B) Checklists (e.g., inspecting products), C) Measles

Sheet (e.g., showing defects or injury location using a schematic of a product or human).




Data from several check sheets can be organized into a Pareto chart for final analysis


Cause & effect diagram - ANSWER✔✔-aka Ishikawa Diagram or Fishbone Diagram




Identifies many possible causes for effect or problem and sorts ideas into useful categories




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Breaks problems down into bite-size pieces. Displays possible causes in a graphic manner, shows how

various causes interact. It follows brainstorming rules when generating ideas. Participants identify

problem statement and brainstorm categories then polling to prioritize the top 3 and then create an

action plan.




Where there could be a long list of potential causes that might contribute to a particular problem.




Causes on one site, effects on the others




4 M's (Manpower, Machinery, Methods & Materials) are categories for manufacturers




4 P's (People, Policies, Procedures, and Plant)


Pareto Chart - ANSWER✔✔-Helps you to know where to focus first




80% of the variation in the process is caused by roughly 20% of the variables; he labeled these variables

(vital few) and rest (trivial/many) that have much less overall effect


Control Chart - ANSWER✔✔-Graphs used to track how a process changes over time




2 Vital Purposes as data-gathering tool:




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Shows when the process is being influenced by special causes, creating an out-of-control condition, and


It indicates how a process behaves over time




Should examine control charts for nonrandom patterns of data points (can indicate what source of

variation is - i.e., which cause in the C-E diagram is most likely influencing the process so it can be

investigated.)




Charts for variables are most valuable (and expense), may have upper control and lower control limits.




Advantages:


•Provide a visual display of process performance


•Are statistically sound


•Can plot both attributes and variables


•Can detect special and assignable behavior causes (trends or cycles)


•Indicate time that things are going either good or bad


•Variable charts can provide an on-going measure of process capability


•Can be used to determine if process improvements are effective




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