What are the biochemical markers to screen for downs? - ANSWER hCG- 10-
22wks levels high
PAPP-A- 10-14wks (lower)
UE3- 14-22wks (lower)
AFP- 15-20wks (lower)
, Inhibin A- 15-20 wks high
All maternal serum. Sometimes intergrated (NT test)
Parvovirus B19 - ANSWER Rash on the body. Passed via respiratory secretions
and blood. 20-30% placenta transfer. Fetal infection= aplastic anemia, non
immune hydrops, death
PKU- phenylketonuria - ANSWER A genetic metabolism disorder. It is caused by
failure to make enzymes that break down amnio acid phenylalanine and can lead
to brain damage.
Vit D - ANSWER Bone mineralization, calcium homeostasis. Fish oil
Copper - ANSWER Legumes, grains, nuts and seeds, organ meat. Enzyme
constituent, energy production and release
Magnesium - ANSWER Vegetables, milk, cereal, bread. Enzyme activities-
present in cells, body fluids and bone
Calcium foods - ANSWER Dairy, fortified flour, cereals, green vegetable
Calcium for... - ANSWER Bone and teeth, blood clotting, muscle contraction
and nerve impulse conduction
Effects of in utero exposure to DES - ANSWER Poor pregnancy outcomes,
structural anomalies of the uterus, clear cell adencarcinomas, infertility,
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