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NUTR 280 Exam 1 Theimer questions with correct answers.
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NUTR 280 Exam 1 Theimer questions with correct answers.
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NUTR 280 Exam 1 Theimer questions with correctanswers
nutrients Correct Answer-indispensable (vital) substances in food
-your food choices determine the nutrients you consume
Name 4 components nutrients provide: Correct Answer--energy
-serve as building material
-help maintain or repair body parts
-support growth and regulate body processes
"essential" nutrients Correct Answer-MUST be consumed in the diet,
cannot be made by the body or in sufficient quantities
Carlories Correct Answer-expresses the amount of energy provided by
food
-your food choices also determine the calories you consume
Nutrient density Correct Answer-a measure of the nutrients provided by
a food relative to its calorie content
-the more nutrient dense a food, the more nutrients in offers in relation
to the number of calories
Why choose nutrient dense foods? Correct Answer--enables you to meet
all your nutrient requirements
,-typically, keeps you from exceeding your calorie needs
-eating this type of pattern can occasionally have foods in your diet that
have a lower nutrient density
-high nutrient density foods contain fewer nutrients per calorie - found in
nature or with minimal processing
Low nutrient density foods Correct Answer-contain fewer nutrients per
calorie- higher in empty calories (calories from unhealthy fats and added
sugar)
fortification Correct Answer-The addition of nutrients that are not
naturally present
-Initial reason: FDA mandated it for certain foods
-why fortify? helps prevent nutrient deficiencies
dietary supplements Correct Answer-products that supply one or more
nutrients as a supplement to, not a substitute for, healthful foods
-do NOT offer all the benefits of food and are NOT regulated by FDA
Phytochemicals Correct Answer-non-nutrient compounds found in
plant-derived foods that have biological activity in the body
-health promoting and reduce disease risk
Name the 3 types of phytochemicals Correct Answer-1. carotenoids
-beta-carotene
,-lycopene
2. Phytoestrogens
3. Lignans
4. Phytosterols
5. Flavonoids
Carotenoids Correct Answer-Type of phytochemical: Give fruits and
veggies their rich color & prevent oxidation, acting as antioxidants
-Beta-carotene: yellow-orange pigment, found in dark green veggies as
well
-Lycopene: red pigment, tomatoes contain a lot; more prevalent in
"cooked" tomatoes
Phytoestrogens Correct Answer-Type of phytochemical with some
influence on the estrogenic activity or hormonal system in humans
-hormone-like compound, yet weakly mimics the hormone activity of
estrogen in the body
-may reduce risk for certain cancers
SOURCE EXAMPLES: soy beans
Lignans Correct Answer-Type of phytochemical converted into
phytosterols in bacteria in the large intestine
-possible anticancer agent food source: flax seeds
, Phytosterols Correct Answer-Type of phytochemical, chemical structure
is similar to: CHOLESTEROL
-helps lower blood cholesterol levels by interfering with the absorption
of cholesterol in the small intestine
Flavonoids Correct Answer-Type of phytochemical that acts as
antioxidants (protects other cells from being damaged)
-may reduce risk of developing cancer and heart disease
-EX: grapes, berries, dark chocolate
Zoochemicals Correct Answer-non-nutrient compounds in animal-
derived foods that may have health-promoting properties
Functional foods Correct Answer-provide health benefits beyond basic
nutrition functions
-Unmodified whole foods
-designer foods
ex: broccoli, salmon, oatmeal
Unmodified whole foods Correct Answer-Type of functional food,
decreases risk of cancer, blood cholesterol, and risk of heart disease
Designer foods Correct Answer-Type of functional food that has added
nutrients and/or phytochemicals
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