Simple Distillation - ANSWER The process by which two miscible liquids (solution) of
different boiling points can be separated.
Extraction - ANSWER The process of a transferring a solute (substance that is
dissolved) from one solvent to another.
Drying - ANSWER Removal of liquid by means of drying agent
Drying agent: a desiccant is a hygroscopic substance that induces or sustains a state of
dryness in its vicinity.
Gravity Filtration - ANSWER Separation of heterogeneous mixtures using filter paper
Neutralization - ANSWER results in no excess OH or H+ in solution
Salting Out - ANSWER an effect based on the electrolyte-nonelectrolyte interaction, in
which the non-electrolyte could be less soluble at high salt concentrations. It is used as
method of separating proteins.
Steam Distillation - ANSWER distillation of a liquid in a current of steam, used esp. to
purify liquids that are not very volatile and are immiscible with water.
Vacuum Filtration - ANSWER Vacuum filtration is a method for separating a solid
product from a solvent or liquid reaction mixture.
Recrystallization - ANSWER a method of purifying chemicals. By dissolving both
impurities and a compound in an appropriate solvent either desired compound or
, impurities can be coaxed out of solution leaving the other behind.
TLC Analysis - ANSWER
Rotary Evaporator (vacuum distillation) - ANSWER
Reflux set-up - ANSWER heating mantle, a round bottom flask, a condenser
Melting Point Determination - ANSWER Determination of a substance's purity by its
melting point Boiling Point Determination - ANSWER Determination of a substance's
purity by its boiling point Base Trap - ANSWER ATR IR Analysis - ANSWER Displacement
- ANSWER Dehydration - ANSWER Acetylation - ANSWER Diazotization/ Coupling -
ANSWER Saponification - ANSWER Hydrolysis - ANSWER Esterification - ANSWER
Benzoin Condensation - ANSWER Addition Polymerization - ANSWER
Condensation Polymerization - ANSWER
Oxydation/Reduction - ANSWER
Nucleophile - ANSWER A nucleophile is a chemical species that donates an electron
pair to an electrophile in order to form a chemical bond in relation to a reaction. All
molecules or ions with at least one free pair of electrons or at least one pi bond can act
as nucleophiles.
Carbocation - ANSWER
Alpha Hydrogens - ANSWER
Carbanion or Enolate - ANSWER
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