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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with Verified Solutions
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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with Verified Solutions
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BIO 181 NAU- Exam 1 with VerifiedSolutions
Mitochondria Correct Ans-In plant cells. Supply ATP to cells. Has two membranes
Chloroplasts Correct Ans-Most plants and algal cells have these. Have three membranes.
Innermost membranes contains flattened sacs called thylakoids, thylakoids are arranged in
stacks called grana, surrounding the thylakoids is the stroma. Contain own DNA and
manufacture their own ribosomes
Thylakoids Correct Ans-innermost membrane of the chloroplast and contains flattened sacs
Grana Correct Ans-Thylakoids arranged in stacks
Stroma Correct Ans-Surrounds the thylakoids
Endosymbiosis theory Correct Ans-Mitochondria and chloroplasts were on their own until a
cell came and engulfed it.
Phospholipids Correct Ans-Consist of glycerol linked to a phosphate group bonded to a
charged or polar molecule with two hydrocarbon chains. Fatty acids in bacteria and eukarya.
Form cell membranes
Rate of diffusion Correct Ans-Size- small molecules diffuse faster
Polarity- Nonpolar diffuse faster
Charge- noncharged diffuse faster
Transmembrane gradient Correct Ans-Concentration of a solute is higher on one side of a
membrane than the other
, Ion electrochemical gradient Correct Ans-Both an electrical gradient and chemical gradient
Simple diffusion Correct Ans-High to low
Facilitated diffusion Correct Ans-High to low with the help of a transport protein
Active transport Correct Ans-Low to high, required ATP
Passive transport Correct Ans-When substances diffuse across a membrane without an
outside energy source.
Osmosis Correct Ans-water moves low to high concentration ALWAYS
Hypertonic Correct Ans-the solution has a higher concentration of slute than the other side
of the membrane
Hypotonic Correct Ans-Solution has a lower conenctration of solute than the other side
Isotonic Correct Ans-The solution has an equal concentration of solute.
Osmoregulation Correct Ans-The control of water balance within a cell or organism
Osmosis in a HYPERTONIC solution Correct Ans-Water will move out of the cell, cell will
shrink.
Osmosis in a HYPOTONIC solution Correct Ans-Water will move into the cell, cell will expand.
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