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ACBS 160D1 - End of Chapter Review 1-6 Questions well answered
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ACBS 160D1 - End of Chapter Review 1-6 Questions well answered
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ACBS 160D1 - End of Chapter Review 1-6 Questions well answered
categorical perception - correct answer ✔✔the human brain's intrinsic tendency to impose categories on
the world
the human-animal divide - correct answer ✔✔in western philosophical and theological traditions,
humans are different from animals because humans have either reasoning, morality, or a soul
Darwinian perspective - correct answer ✔✔the conceptualization of humans and animals as related to
each other through common ancestry so our differences lie on a continuum rather than sharp categories
symbioses - correct answer ✔✔different types of ecological relationships between two species that
reflect the fitness or energetic costs and benefits to each
basis of animal categories - correct answer ✔✔how people categorize animals is determine by their
innate "biophilic values" and their cultural beliefs and uses, rather than taxonomic classification
Australopithecines - correct answer ✔✔our early human ancestors, millions of years before present,
who had the first important relationships to animals, including a predator-prey relationship on the
African savanna, and the detection of other dangerous animals
Amygdala - correct answer ✔✔this brain area quickly informs your frontal cortex of an emotionally
salient stimulus, such as the presence of desirable food, a potential mate, or a dangerous animal,
invoking an appropriate response. never cells in specific parts of this area are specialized for the
processing of animal stimuli
the rise of Homo - correct answer ✔✔about 2 million years ago, large brain size along with the
harnessing of fire enabled our ancestors to become full-time hunters
Savanna hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔preference for particular landscapes or habitats that offered
key resources
, Cognitive empathy - correct answer ✔✔capacity to take another's perspective and gauge their intentions
of desires (a.k.a. Theory of Mind), more specifically to understand another's emotional state
Anthropomorphism - correct answer ✔✔an outcome of cognitive empathy, whereby humans project or
attribute their own feelings, beliefs, and motivations to another animal
emotional empathy - correct answer ✔✔capacity to feel the emotions of another person or animal
out of Africa - correct answer ✔✔there were 2 waves of expansion from Africa to Eurasia and beyond.
the first was a Homo species that evolved into Neanderthal. the second was fully modern Homo sapiens
that expanded worldwide
the beginning of the End for Neanderthal - correct answer ✔✔around 100,000 years ago modern
humans (Homo sapiens) began to spread from Africa into Eurasia (2nd wave), where they encountered
and outcompeted other large carnivores including other hominins
Modern Human's rise to dominance - correct answer ✔✔by 40,000 years before present, fully modern
humans had out-competed and likely exterminated all other forms of Homo. likely reasons included
greater cognitive complexity, projectile weapons, and perhaps most importantly the partnership of
wolves
Modern hunter-gatherers - correct answer ✔✔these cultures provide evidence of how the human-dog
mutualism results in significantly greater hunting success
Commensalism pathway - correct answer ✔✔the early relationship between wolves and ancestral
humans was likely similar to a mouse attracted to human habitation, benefitting from "left overs" of
ancestral human encampments or hunting sites without causing much effect (harm nor benefit) to
humans
wolf adoption hypothesis - correct answer ✔✔proposed idea that our hunter-gatherer ancestors
kidnapped wolf puppies by taking them directly from a wolf den, and then hand-reared them
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