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ACBS 215 Exam 1 Study Guide well answered already passed
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ACBS 215 Exam 1 Study Guide well answered already passed
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ACBS 215 Exam 1 Study Guide wellanswered already passed
Anatomy - correct answer ✔✔Study of the morphology or structure of body parts. Form.
Physiology - correct answer ✔✔Study of the functions of living systems. How the body works. function.
Macroscopic anatomy - correct answer ✔✔unaided eye, visible
Microscopic anatomy - correct answer ✔✔The study of the structure of cells, tissues, and organs of the
body as seen with a microscope.
Histology vs. Cytology - correct answer ✔✔Histology- the study of the microscopic structure of tissues.
Cytology- the study of cells.
Homeostasis - correct answer ✔✔"Same state." Refers to the process of keeping a relatively stable
internal environment when the external environment is changed. Occurs at all levels of life from cells to
whole animals.
Elaborate regulatory systems exist to maintain homeostasis by? - correct answer ✔✔Continuous
monitoring and regulating parameters. Coordinating the responses to minimize the disturbance to
organism.
Autoregulation - correct answer ✔✔cell, tissue, organ, organ system
Extrinsic regulation - correct answer ✔✔involves multiple organ systems, mainly endocrine and nervous
systems.
Nervous system - correct answer ✔✔fast, immediate, short-term EX: stepping on a tac, breathing
,Endocrine system - correct answer ✔✔long-lasting, hours/days EX: cell growth
Negative feedback loops - correct answer ✔✔Used to homeostatically regulate some factor. The
response opposes or removes the signal to stabilize the physiological variable back to within its normal
range of values (set point).
Positive feedback loops - correct answer ✔✔Reflexes that are not involved in homeostasis. Response
reinforces or amplifies the stimulus rather than decreasing it or removing it and may lead to a vicious
cycle. Initiation of blood clotting, breaking down food by digestive enzymes, or the birth process.
Variable - correct answer ✔✔factor being regulated (temperature)
Receptor - correct answer ✔✔senses change (Neuron)
Control center - correct answer ✔✔processes info (central nervous system)
Effector - correct answer ✔✔end result of response
Feedback system steps - correct answer ✔✔1. stimulus produces an increase or decrease in variable.
2. receptor carries stimulus info to control center. (control center processes stimulus info)
3. output signal is sent to the effector (effector responds to correct the change).
4. the response causes an increase or decreases in the variable.
Transverse - correct answer ✔✔divides the body into cranial and caudal parts; also crosses an organ or
limb at a right angle to its long axis
Median (midsagittal) - correct answer ✔✔divides body into equal right and left halves
Sagittal - correct answer ✔✔divides body into unequal right and left halves
, Frontal (dorsal) - correct answer ✔✔longitudinal plane passing through the body parallel to dorsal
surface and at right angles to the median plane
Dorsal - correct answer ✔✔toward the back
Ventral - correct answer ✔✔toward the belly
Cranial - correct answer ✔✔toward the head
Caudal - correct answer ✔✔toward the tail
Rostral - correct answer ✔✔part of head closer to the nose
Proximal - correct answer ✔✔near the trunk or origin of the limb
Distal - correct answer ✔✔farther from the trunk
Palmar - correct answer ✔✔below the proximal ends of the carpus, replaces caudal
Plantar - correct answer ✔✔below the proximal ends of the tarsus, replaces caudal
Medial - correct answer ✔✔toward the longitudinal axis (midline)
Lateral - correct answer ✔✔away from the longitudinal axis
Superficial - correct answer ✔✔nearer the body surface
Deep - correct answer ✔✔farther from the body surface
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