PSYC 3840 Module 3 Quiz | Complete Solutions (Verified)

PSYC 3840 Module 3 Quiz | Complete Solutions (Verified) Which of the following statements is correct regarding the relationship between self-efficacy and psychological health? a) Lower self-efficacy's have been linked with depression. b) Higher self-efficacy has been found to be associated with avoidance. c) Self-efficacy has not been found to be helpful in overcoming abuse. d) All of the above are correct. Who developed the Time Perspective Inventory? a) Seligman b) Bandura c) Zimbardo c) Carver and Scheier According to the Balance Theory of Wisdom, what is the goal of Wisdom? a) Achieving material wealth b) Maintaining the status quo c) An increase in intelligence d) Achievement of a common good How many criteria did the Baltes group identify as characteristic of wisdom and wisdom-related performance? a) 3 b) 4 c) 5 d) 6 How does the mindless pursuit of less than meaningful or unchallenging goals leave people feeling? a) Empty but Happy b) Bored and Empty c) Happy and Fulfilled d) Bored but Fulfilled According to Hannah and colleagues the development of the "courageous mindset" develops as a result of a) observing courageous models. b) having high emotional intelligence. c) talking about courage. d) exhibiting courageous behaviors. How did Putnam (1997) define Psychological courage? a) Helping friends and family flourish b) The wisdom to manage life's difficulties c) Strength in facing one's destructive habits d) The ability to cope with the tragedies of life In Bishop's two - component system, current self - regulated attention is to ___________________ as emotional openness is to_________________. a) the acceptance and appreciation of internal experiences; current personal experience. b) internal locus of control; external locus of control. c) problem focused coping; emotion focused coping. d) current personal experience; the acceptance and appreciation of internal experiences. According to Erikson, wisdom is gained through resolving crises associated with a) resolving integrity versus despair. b) contributing to the next generation. c) developing an identity. d) developing autonomy and avoiding guilt. Which of the following is NOT an idea upon which social cognitive theory is built? a) People become skilled at self-regulating by observing themselves in relation to cognitive models. b) Humans have powerful symbolizing capacities. c) All of the above are the building blocks of social cognitive theory. d) People are the result of reciprocal interaction between their thoughts in their environments. When cognitive appraisal of the situation occurs in order to modulate the emotional impact of the stimulus, a) a top - down approach tends to be used by both new users and longer-term users of mindfulness strategies. b) newer users of mindfulness tend to use a top-down approach, while longer-term users tend to use a bottom - up approach. c) a bottom - down approach tends to be used by both new users and longer - term users of mindfulness strategies. d) newer users of mindfulness tend to use a bottom-up approach, while longer-term users tend to use a top-down approach. What temporal perspective is emphasized in the dominant Caucasian cultural groups in Western cultures? a) Past b) Future c) Present d) Contemporary According to harassment and colleagues, self-efficacy and technological pursuits was highest for a) people who were androgynous. b) women. c) people scored higher in masculine gender role traits. d) men. What do Peterson and Seligman assert about spirituality? a) Spirituality is a universal strength of transcendence. b) Spirituality is a cultural fact. c) Spirituality is an important but nonessential part of human life. d) Spirituality is a vital part of American society. With regard to assessing self efficacy, what would Bandura state? a) Self-efficacy is a dispositional trait that is stable across various contexts and domains. b) Self-efficacy should reflect beliefs about using abilities and skills in specific circumstances and domains. c) Self-efficacy is ever evolving and constantly changing; therefore it can not be measured. d) Self-efficacy should be measured in childhood so that appropriate changes in the environment can be made. In an examination of neurological factors and one's ability to be optimistic, it has been found that individuals high in dispositional optimism also appear to have a) stronger melatonin responses when waking up in the morning. b) weaker cortisol response when waking up in the morning. c) weaker HGH levels when waking up in the morning. d) stronger cortisol response when waking up in the morning. Greason and cash well found that higher degrees of mindfulness in counseling psychology trainees predicted higher levels of _________________ in trainees. a) self-regulation and self-efficacy b) self-efficacy and empathy c) congruence and empathy d) self-efficacy and confidence According to Jung, wisdom develops through a) resolving conflicts pertaining to the family unit. b) overcoming inferiority and striving for superiority. c) developing integrity and avoiding despair. d) resolving psychic conflicts between the id, ego, and superego. Which life span theorist believed that Wisdom reflects a maturity in which concerns for the collective good transcend personal interests? a) Piaget b) Jung c) Freud d) Erikson How would a pessimist explain a bad event? a) As external, stable, and specific b) As internal, stable, and global c) As internal, variable, and global d) As external, variable, and specific What is at the core of the concept of self-efficacy? a) A belief that a bad outcome is specific to that domain b) A belief that good things will happen to you c) An ability to see alternate routes to a desired goal d) A belief that you can accomplish what you want In comparing men and women with regard to self-efficacy a) The difference was found for self-efficacy in language arts, but not social sciences. b) Women had higher self-efficacy in math and social science, while men had higher self-efficacy in language arts. c) A difference was found for self - efficacy in math, but not in language. d) Men had higher self-efficacy in math and social science, while women had higher self-efficacy in language arts. Which of the following work environments has been studied with regard to increasing the chances of producing flow? a) the creative arts b) restaurants and food industry c) construction and trades d) police work How would an optimistic student who received a poor grade on an exam likely explain his/her poor performance? a) I am also not doing well in other areas of my life. b) I screwed up. c) The exam was poorly written. d) I always do lousy on exams. How does the Key School in Indianapolis, Indiana foster flow? a) By creating activities for the students that are easy and uncomplicated b) By providing ample play time between classes c) By directly teaching students about the principles of flow d) By allowing students to actively choose activities related to their own interests Sherer's Self-Efficacy Scale is what type of index? a) Specific b) Trait-like c) General d) Global How would Csikszentmihalyi refer to someone who enjoys life and "generally does things for their own sake?" a) As an "autotelic personality" b) As a "free spirit" c) As an "independent personality" d) As an "actualized personality" Which of the following was NOT part of Cicero's (as summarized by Houser) definition of courage? a) Patience b) Magnificence c) Fortitude d) Perseverance