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Exam (elaborations)

GSEC Questions and Correct Answers the Latest Update

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conceptual design high level design that includes core components of network architecture | 'black box' I/O | legal, environmental safety | customer experience | multidisciplinary logical design depicts how data flows across different devices in network | detailed, rather than abstract net...

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  • November 12, 2024
  • 144
  • 2024/2025
  • Exam (elaborations)
  • Questions & answers
  • GSEC
  • GSEC
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GSEC Questions and Correct Answers the
Latest Update
conceptual design

✓ high level design that includes core components of network architecture | 'black box' I/O
| legal, environmental safety | customer experience | multidisciplinary



logical design

✓ depicts how data flows across different devices in network | detailed, rather than abstract
network diagram | services, application names | for developers and security architects |
shows servers workstations routers firewalls...



physical design

✓ last before implementation | all known details | physical components and connections |
OS versions



communications flow

✓ dictated by logical design, shows how data flows in and out of the network | informs
threat model; attack surface and vectors; estimate impact; determines defense



intellectual property (IP)

✓ dictated by logical architecture | key is reduce number or locations where present; subject
to copyright



router



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✓ device that connects different networks together internal and external | forwards data
packets between computer networks | operates at OSI L3, handles packets



switch

✓ networking device that connects computers together to form physical and virtual networks
| handles frames at OSI L2



Kismet

✓ Linux WLAN sniffer completely passive used for vulnerability assessment and intrusion
detection



threat enumeration

✓ list threat agents | list attack methods | list system-level objectives



threat agents (3)

✓ human or not | organized crime | espionage | hactivist



Advanced Persistent Threat (APT)

✓ An organized group of attackers who are highly motivated, skilled, and patient. They are
often sponsored by a government, are focused on a specific target, and will continue
attacking for a very long time until they achieve their goal.



DoS




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✓ An availability attack, to consume resources to the point of exhaustion; Denial of Service;
flood of ICMP requests targets router takes down server



DDoS

✓ Denial of service attack committed using many computers, usually zombies on a botnet.



packet sniffing

✓ capture network traffic for analysis | no longer requires physical access to network due to
prevalence of wifi



packet misroute

✓ malware on router sends traffic to evil location or causes routing loops DoS or network
congestion



XSS

✓ Cross-site scripting. Attacker redirects users to malicious websites, steal cookies. E-mail
can include an embedded HTML image object or a JavaScript image tag as part of a
malicious cross-site scripting attack. Prevent with input validation.



CSRF

✓ Cross-Site Request Forgery--Third-party redirect of static content within the security
context of a trusted site.



SYN flood




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✓ A type of DoS where an attacker sends a large amount of SYN request packets to a
server in an attempt to deny service.



TCP reset

✓ attacker sniffs target traffic the spoofs packet with RST flag set to end session



routing table poisoning

✓ routers exchange data to build tables; attacker injects bad data



CDP

✓ Cisco Discovery Protocol; transmits in the clear; manipulation attack; disable this protocol



MAC flood

✓ An attack that sends numerous packets to the switch, each of which has a different source
MAC address, in an attempt to use up the memory on the switch and switch can
downgrade to hub



DHCP spoofing attack

✓ MitM attack listens for DHCP traffic then sends attacker IP address as default gateway



STP

✓ Spanning Tree Protocol. Protocol enabled on most switches that protects against switching
loops. A switching loop can be caused if two ports of a switch are connected together,
such as those caused when two ports of a switch are connected together.


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