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BMD 430 Lecture 20: Cancer Immunology Exam Study Guide Solutions $12.49   Add to cart

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BMD 430 Lecture 20: Cancer Immunology Exam Study Guide Solutions

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BMD 430 Lecture 20: Cancer Immunology Exam Study Guide Solutions tumor (neoplasm) - ANSWER-mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage surrounding tissue benign tumor - ANSWER-An abnormal mass of cells that remains at its original site in the body + incapable of indefinite growth malignan...

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  • November 12, 2024
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  • 2024/2025
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EmilyCharlene
BMD 430 Lecture 20: Cancer
Immunology Exam Study Guide
Solutions

tumor (neoplasm) - ANSWER✔✔-mass of rapidly dividing cells that can damage

surrounding tissue


benign tumor - ANSWER✔✔-An abnormal mass of cells that remains at its original site

in the body + incapable of indefinite growth


malignant tumor - ANSWER✔✔-An abnormal tissue mass that can spread into

neighboring tissue and to other parts of the body (metastasize); a cancerous tumor.


metastasis - ANSWER✔✔-spread of cancer cells beyond their original site in the body


cancer immunology - ANSWER✔✔-relationship between cancer and the body's

immune response


Hallmarks of Cancer - ANSWER✔✔-1. Sustaining proliferative signaling


2. Evading growth suppressors


3. Activating invasion and metastasis


4. Enabling replicative immortality
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, 5. Inducing angiogenesis (developing blood supply)


6. Resisting cell death (apoptosis)


Multi-hit model of cancer - ANSWER✔✔-cancer arises over time with multiple genetic

changes; mutations accumulate over a lifetime


oncogenes - ANSWER✔✔-genes that cause cancer by blocking the normal controls on

cell reproduction


Proto-oncogenes - ANSWER✔✔-the corresponding normal cellular genes that are

responsible for normal cell growth and division (mutated = oncogenes)


tumor suppressor genes - ANSWER✔✔-A gene whose protein product inhibits cell

division, thereby preventing the uncontrolled cell growth that contributes to cancer

(P53, pro-apoptotic genes).


Anti-apoptotic genes - ANSWER✔✔-Bcl-2 and Bcl-XL (inhibit apoptosis)


4 stages of malignant transformation - ANSWER✔✔-1. initiation


2. promotion


3. progression


4. metastasis


4 major environmental factors of cancer - ANSWER✔✔-Mutagens/Carcinogens:


1. chemicals
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