BIO 311c Exam 1 QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS A+ GRADED
How are starch and glycogen similar?
1. Both are largely insoluble in water 2. Both are composed of α-glucose subunits 3. Both are storage polysaccharides
What are some characteristics of cellulose?
1. It forms long fibers that are strong...
How are starch and glycogen similar?
1. Both are largely insoluble in water 2. Both are composed of α-glucose subunits 3.
Both are storage polysaccharides
What are some characteristics of cellulose?
1. It forms long fibers that are strong and resistant to digestion by most animals 2. It is
composed of β-glucose subunits 3. It is the main component of plant cell walls
Which are common monosaccharides found in nature?
1. glucose (main sugar metabolized by the body for energy) 2. galactose (nearly
identical to glucose in structure except for one hydroxyl group on carbon atom number
four of the six-sided sugar. Epimer of glucose) 3. fructose (structural isomer of glucose,
meaning it has the same chemical ormula but a completely different three-dimensional
structure.)
How is glucose transported in the blood stream?
As a monosaccharide
Maltose is made from
glucose and glucose
Sucrose
glucose and fructose
Lactose
Glucose and galactose
Lactose intolerance is caused by what?
low levels of the enzyme that digests lactose
Most plant starch is composed of α-glucose subunits linked together in branched
chains called
amylopectin
What is the structural carbohydrate found in many fungi and arthropods?
Chitin
Structural isomers all...
have the same molecular formula, are composed of the same number and type of
atoms, and differ in the actual structure of their carbon skeleton
During this type of reaction, a molecule of water is removed
dehydration
The simplest carbohydrates are ____
monosaccharides (glucose is an example, sucrose, fructose, lactose)
Which of the following statements about monosaccharides are true?
, Because they have many C-H bonds, they are well suited for energy storage, they are
often used as building blocks to form larger carbohydrates, they may contain as few as
3 carbon atoms
What's the main difference between starch and cellulose?
Both are made from glucose, but starch is made of alpha glucose subunits and cellulose
is made from beta subunits
Long polymers made of monosaccharides that have been linked through
dehydration reactions are called?
polysaccharides
Which polysaccharides function primarily to store energy?
glycogen, amylose, amylopectin
What is the main difference between starch and glycogen?
Starch is in plant cells and glycogen is found in animal cells
Why does cellulose work well as a structural material?
The long unbranched beta linked chains of cellulose can make very tough fibers
In most plants, how is glucose transported from one part of the plant to another?
It is combined with another monosaccharide to form a disaccharide
A starch that is composed of alpha glucose subunits linked together in
unbranched chains is
amylose
Which is true about enantiomers?
They are mirror images of each other. They have the same carbon skeleton but differ in
how the groups attached are arranged in space.
Which of the following describe monosaccharides?
monosaccharides are simplest carbohydrates, they are monomers that can be joined
together to form more complex carbohydrates, monosaccharides are composed of
carbon, hydrogen, and oxygen
Select all that are polysaccharides
chitin, glycogen, cellulose, starch
Match each polysaccharide with its function. Starch is ____
a major storage polysaccharide in plants
Cellulose is _____
A structural polysaccharide found in plants
glycogen ______
a major storage polysaccharide in animals
chitin _____
A structural polysaccharide in arthopods and fungi
cellulose
it is the main component of plant cell walls, it forms long fibers that are strong and
resistant to digestion by most animals, it is composed of beta glucose subunits
How is glucose transported in the blood?
as a simple monosaccharide
Most plant starch is composed of alpha-glucose subunits linked together in
branched chains called
amylopectin
which is true about enantiomers?
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