NUR 2474 | NUR2474 Exam 2
Pharmacology for Professional
Nursing Exam 2 | Rasmussen |
2024/2025
How do beta blockers work
- Correct Answer - blockade of cardiac beta1 receptors on
juxtaglomerular cells of the kidney reduces release of renin. thereby
reduces angiotensin II mediated vasoconstriction and aldosterone
mediated volume expansion
what are the risks of taking beta blockers (propranolol, metoprolol)
- Correct Answer - hypotension/orthostatic hypotension. Lower pulse,
should have parameters in place of when to hold med (for heart rate and
BP)
what are some cardio-specific beta blockers?
- Correct Answer - atenolol, metoprolol, bismolol
which beta blockers also affect alpha receptors (alpha/beta blockers)?
- Correct Answer - labetalol
carvedilol
,Risks of beta blockers for diabetes and asthmatics
- Correct Answer - beta blockers are antiadrenergic drugs, so they will
block fight-or-flight things such as increasing glucose needed or opening
airways.
so beta blockers (blocking epinephrine) wont be good for diabetics
because of decreased blood sugar, and wont allow airways to open up
enough for asthmatics
A client with frequent PVCs and heart failure is taking nifedipine and
metoprolol.
Why would a patient who is taking nifedipine sometimes end up taking
beta blocker like metoprolol
- Correct Answers - nifedipine can cause reflex tachycardia (it is a CCB)
taking the beta blocker like metoprolol can help with that, but you need
to watch their blood pressure even more!
Common side effects of CCBs such as nifedipine?
- Correct Answers - edema, flushing, constipation (think how calcium
causes constipation)
reflex tachycardia with IR nifedipine, doesn't happen with verapamil and
less common with nifedipine XR
Diet restrictions with CCBs
- Correct Answers - grapefruit! it will increase effects and lead to toxicity!
, Rules on taking nitroglycerin
- Correct Answers - 5x3 rule. 5 min apart, only 3 doses
call 911 after the 1st dose
sit down because they can become dizzy and low BP from vasodilation!
How should we store nitroglycerin?
- Correct Answer - original dark bottle at room temp.
light will cause it to break down
When should you hold nitroglycerin?
- Correct Answer - if patient is also taking PDE5 inhibitor (viagra), this
can cause BP to drop too much.
Don't give it to intoxicated people!
What are some drugs/classes that are antidysrhythmics?
- Correct Answer - beta blockers (-lol)
CCBs (verapamil and diltiazem [nifedipine isn't because it can cause
reflex tachycardia])
K+ blockers (amiodarone)
Na+ blockers (quinidine, lidocane, flecanide
digoxin (Lanoxin)
amiodarone (Cordarone) class and action
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