DPT-772: ACUTE PULMONARY PATHOLOGIES AND COVID-19 LECTURE
EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH COMPLETE SOLUTIONS
VERIFIED
Acute Lung Diseases
Infections / Irritation
sinusitis
tracheitis
bronchitis
bronchiolitis
alveolitis (pneumonia)
tuberculosis
toxic inhalations
aspiration
empyema
pleuritis
Sinusitis
inflammation of sinuses due to infection or irritation.
Tracheitis:
inflammation of trachea due to infection or irritation
Bronchitis
inflammation of bronchi due to infection or irritation
,Tracheobronchitis
inflammation of trachea and bronchi due to infection or irritation.
Bronchiolitis
inflammation of trachea and bronchi due to infection or irritation
Pneumonia is the inflammation of the
alveoli due to infection or irritation, it is an issue because it impacts gas exchange
Viral infections affect the
walls of the alveoli and cause swelling which makes it more difficult for external
respiration to occur
Bacterial infections affect the
air spaces and fill them with exudate and results in decreased external respiration and
secretions which is indicative of chest PT
Pneumonia causes
a R->L pulmonary shunt
What is a R -> L pulmonary shunt?
the blood coming in to the capillary/alveolar interface and is not oxygenated, moving
blood on that has not been properly oxygenated and will in turn reduce levels of
systemic oxygen
Inhalation pneumonia is the inflammation of the
alveoli due inhalation of an irritant or extreme temperature gasses (smoke inhalation)
Aspiration pneumonia is the inflammation and
obstruction of air flow to the alveoli due to foreign substances in the lungs (vomit, food,
etc)
,Meconium aspiration is the inhalation of
meconium while the fetus is still in the uterus.
Meconium is the initial
intestinal discharge of a fetus/infant - it is green and sticky.
Would viral infections benefit from CPT?
no
Would bacterial infections benefit from CPT?
yes
Would inhalation pneumonia benefit from CPT?
no
Would aspiration pneumonia benefit from CPT?
yes
Would meconium aspiration benefit from CPT?
yes
LLL Lobar Bacterial Pneumonia
little pocket and often we do see in more of the basilar areas due to gravity
going the see a ground glass, white patchy spot
Pneumonia Complicated by Abscess Formation
very severe infection where the infectious process goes beyond the alveoli and an
abscess is developed
Tuberculosis
infection by the Tuberculin Bacillus and an airborne pathogen
, Populations at Risk for the Development of TB
Elderly
Southeast Asian immigrants
Alcohol dependence,
Infants and children up to 5 years
Prison inmates
Patients with AIDS
Healthcare workers,
TB Infection versus TB Disease
Primary or Latent TB I
person has TB germ
they are not sick
will show positive on Mantoux test
if immune system is weakened, possibility of TB Disease
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