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BIOMECHANICAL MOVEMENT EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ALL CORRECT AND GRADED A+
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BIOMECHANICAL MOVEMENT EXAM QUESTIONS & ANSWERS ALL CORRECT AND GRADED A+
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BIOMECHANICAL MOVEMENT EXAMQUESTIONS & ANSWERS ALL CORRECT AND
GRADED A+
The ankle operates as a lever as the athlete pushed off the ground. Identify the
class of lever operating at the ankle and explain the mechanical advantage of
the class of lever for the athlete. Answer - - Second class lever system.
- Longer effort arm.
- Hurdler provides minimal effort to generate height to clear the hurdle.
It is important for sprinters to push off the blocks effectively to achieve a fast
start. Using Newton's first and second laws of linear motion and knowledge of
the neuromuscular system, analyse how a sprinter is able to achieve a fast
start. Answer - A01
LAWS:
- First Law = Law of Inertia.
- Inertia is body's reluctance to change its state of motion.
- A force is required to overcome inertia.
- Second Law = Law of Acceleration.
- Rate of change of momentum of an object directly proportional to force
causing change.
- Any change in momentum takes place in direction force applied. Force = mass
x acceleration.
NEUROMUSCULAR SYSTEM:
- Muscle contraction brought about by recruitment muscle fibres.
, - Spatial summation = when strength of contraction changes by altering
number motor units.
- Wave summation = There's repeated nerve impulse with no time relax -
smooth, sustained contraction occurs = tetanic contraction.
- Muscle fibres form motor unit, each muscle fibre in unit contracting or
relaxing at same time.
- Different sizes of motor unit.
Newton's Laws and Neuromuscular continued Answer - A02
LAWS:
- Sprinters current state inertia is stationary - alter state inertia, sprinter needs
apply muscular force by contracting leg muscles in order overcome inertia =
can leave blocks moving from stationary position to begin running.
NEUROMUSCULAR:
- Varying force muscles contraction and number motor units recruited -
sprinter cause change in momentum from stationary to moving.
- Sprinter applies force against blocks & then to ground to generate required
momentum to move forward.
- Be beneficial for sprinter have high % fast twitch fibres type 11x.
- Sprinter recruit large, fast twitch motor units in leg muscles generate force
required to overcome inertia.
- Sprinter use spatial summation - varying number motor units recruited
throughout muscle allow fibres in each unit relax whilst others contracting to
provide necessary force.
Newton's Laws and Neuromuscular system continued Answer - A03
LAWS:
- Greater muscular force that sprinter can apply against blocks, more readily
body will alter its state inertia = allow sprinter move more quickly out of blocks.
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