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2025 SEA- PHAGES LAB FINAL EXAM WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ • *Explain the difference between sterile and aseptic.* - ANSWER>>sterile - free from bacteria aseptic - free from contamination caused$18.49
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2025 SEA- PHAGES LAB FINAL EXAM WITH ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+ • *Explain the difference between sterile and aseptic.* - ANSWER>>sterile - free from bacteria aseptic - free from contamination caused
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Course
2025 SEA- PHAGES LAB
Institution
2025 SEA- PHAGES LAB
2025 SEA- PHAGES LAB FINAL EXAM WITH ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED
ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
•
*Explain the difference between sterile and aseptic.* - ANSWER>>sterile - free
from bacteria
aseptic - free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses, or ot...
2025 SEA- PHAGES LAB FINAL EXAM WITH ACTUAL
QUESTIONS AND CORRECTLY WELL DEFINED
ANSWERS LATEST ALREADY GRADED A+
•
*Explain the difference between sterile and aseptic.* - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>sterile - free
from bacteria
aseptic - free from contamination caused by harmful bacteria, viruses, or other
microorganisms
*What is a plaque?* - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>a clearing in a bacterial lawn resulting from
lysis by phages
*A phage genome that is dominant inside a bacterial cell's genome is called a* -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>prophage
Two large biological molecules that compose a phage are: - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>proteins
and nucleotides
describe the lytic and lysogenic cycle - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>bacteriophage infection
results in either a lytic or a lysogenic cycle:
1. LYTIC CYCLE results in the production of new progeny that cause the cell to lyse
2. LYSOGENIC CYCLE results in incorporation of the viral DNA into the bacterial DNA
where it remains inactive
-- a lysogenic cycle may progress into a lytic cycle
*a bacterium in which a phage has incorporated its genome is called a* -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>lysogen
Why do we add the top agar to section 3 of the three-phase streak plate? How does this
relate to the fact that we shouldn't swirl the streak plate? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>Section 3
is where the most diluted phage exists. Top agar is added to section 3 so it will flow
through sections 1 and 2 without crossing the different sections. We shouldn't swirl the
streak plate because this would cause the sections to cross and potential lysis of the
entire plate.
, how will you separate any potential bacteriophages fem your sample (and remove
possible contaminates, ie: bacteria, fungi)? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>syringe and filter
how should plates be stored? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>agar side up --> prevents
condensation from interfering with the bacterial host/agar
what will your plate look like after streaking? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>the most phage will
exist in the first section because it is not diluted
if the top agar is extremely hot, is it okay to use for plating? Why? -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>No --> it will kill the bacteria
*Describe 3 phase steak (emphasizing aseptic technique).* -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>Objective: obtain plaque containing only one phage
Protocol:
1. prepare for aseptic work
2. prepare agar plates (label 3 sections, mark X on third section)
3. remove wooden stick
4. gently touch plaque
5. streak back and forth in section 1
6. new stick - streak section 2, overlapping section 1 for the first 2-3 streaks
7. new stick - streak section 3, overlapping 2
8. transfer *3 mL* of molten top agar to culture tube with *250 microliters* of
arthrobacter
9. dispense onto labeled X
10. invert and incubate plates
after completing phage titer assay, predict what plates will look like. -
✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>plaques will decrease along titer
how many different plaque morphologies should you see when you view your phage
titer assay? Why? - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>1 morphology --> since the phage has been
isolated
*formula for titer* - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>titer (pfu/ml) = (# pfu / volume used in micro-
liters) x (10^3 micro-liters/ml) x (dilution factor)
*what is the dilution factor?* - ✔✔ANSWER✔✔>>reciprocal of the dilution used
ie: for 10^-7 dilution... dilution factor is 10^7
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