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AHN 568 Test 1 with Questions and Answers| Latest Update
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AHN 568 Test 1 with Questions and Answers| Latest Update
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AHN 568 Test 1 with Questions and Answers|Latest Update
Where does proximal lumen of PA cath sit? - ✔✔Right ventricle. OK to infuse fluids in
proximal PA port.
Where does distal lumen of PA cath sit? - ✔✔Pulmonary artery. Do not infuse fluid in distal
port.
Dicrotic notch in PA catheter? - ✔✔Closure of pulmonic valve
PA wedge normal? - ✔✔6-12 plus or minus 1-2.
High PCWP? - ✔✔Crackles. Pulmonary edema. CHF.
Cardiac output? - ✔✔Volume of blood ejected by left ventricle per minute.
Cardiac volume formula? - ✔✔Stroke volume x heart rate. Normal 4-8 liters per minute.
Cardiac index. - ✔✔Accounts for body surface area. Is more accurate indicator of heart
failure.
Normal cardiac index? - ✔✔2.5-4.
SVR formula? - ✔✔MAP - CVP / CO x 80.
Normal SVR? - ✔✔800-1200 dynes/sec/cm
, Causes of decreased afterload? - ✔✔Vasodilation. Shock. Vasodilators.
How to increase afterload? - ✔✔Give vasoconstrictor.
Causes of increased afterload? - ✔✔Vasocontriction. Acute and chronic lung disease. COPD.
Atherosclerosis. Compensatory responses. Vasopressor agents.
How do you decrease afterload? - ✔✔Balloon pump. Vasodilators.
What is contractility? - ✔✔Force of heart contraction.
What decreases contracility? - ✔✔Arrythmias. Use SBP to measure contractility.
What electrolytes are important regarding contractility? - ✔✔Potassium, calcium, mag
What doe increasing contractility also increase? - ✔✔Myocardial oxygen consumption.
Workload of the heart.
Low MAP, low CI and high SVR equals? - ✔✔Vasoconstriction. Give vasodilators.
Low MAP, high CI, low SVR? - ✔✔Vasodilation. Think sepsis. Give fluids and vasopressors.
What are the 3 indicies that affect cardiac index and output? - ✔✔Low Preload (CVP and
wedge).
High afterload (SVR and BP).
Poor contracitliy (Inadequate CO/CI).
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