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AHN 568 Exam 2 Cardiac Assessment with Questions and Answers| Latest Update
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AHN 568 Exam 2 Cardiac Assessment with Questions and Answers| Latest Update
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AHN 568 Exam 2 Cardiac Assessment withQuestions and Answers| Latest Update
Which position would you ask the patient to assume to best auscultate for the presence of S3
or S4 - ✔✔left lateral recumbent. Use bell of stethoscope because S3 & S4 are LOW pitch
sounds.
The bell of your stethoscope can be used to detect low pitch sounds including S3, S4, and which
diastolic murmur?
- Aortic stenosis
- Pulmonic Stenosis
- Mitral Stenosis
- Mitral regurgitation - ✔✔Mitral stenosis - this is the only diastolic murmur listed. The bell
of the stethoscope will also detect this sound as well as S3 and S4.
S3 is considered a normal heart sound if heard in some children and young adults if there are
no signs or symptoms of heart or valvular disease.
True or False - ✔✔True
A patients presents to the ER with crushing chest pain that radiates to their left arm for 2 days.
Objective data reveals an elevated troponin of 1.2, ST elevation on V1, V2, V3, and V4.
Auscultation reveals a summation gallop. As an advanced nurse practitioner you know this is
suggestive of:
- Pericarditis
- Pulmonary embolus
- Severe myocardial infarction
- Pneumonia - ✔✔Severe myocardial infarction. A summation gallop is the presence of all
heart sounds (S1, S2, S3,S4). Always a pathologic finding highly suggestive of a MI.
, A patient recovering from open heart surgery two days ago is having chest pain that is relieved
while leaning forward. Which objective finding you would expect to find during your physical
exam:
- Jugular Vein Distension
- swelling of the lower extremities
- friction rub
- Summation gallop - ✔✔Friction rub. Pericarditis is a complication after open heart surgery.
Friction rubs are auscultated during inspiration, expiration, and while the patient holds their
breath
Mitral valve prolapse is associated with a _______ click followed a systolic murmur. -
✔✔Mid-systolic click. Most common valvular abnormality. Best heard at the apex.
A mid-systolic click will increase with intensity during the valsalva maneuver or anything that
increases the volume in the left ventricle.
The 7 variables you should consider when assessing the presence of a murmur - ✔✔1.
Timing (VIP) - systolic - early, mid, late, or pansystolic
- diastole - early, mid, late, or pandiastolic
2. Loudness - grades 1-6
3. Pitch - high, medial, or low (remember low pitch use bell)
4. Quality - blowing, rumbling, harsh, raspy, musical
5. Location (VIP) - where area of the chest is heard best
6. Radiation - does it radiate to the neck, back, or left axillae (remember only systolic murmurs
radiate)
7. Posture - does the murmur disappear or get louder with changes in position; inspiration or
expiration
Early diastolic murmurs are caused from incompetently closed semilunar valves and involve
which two murmurs? - ✔✔Aortic Regurgitation and Pulmonic Regurgitation
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