NU 433 Endocrine Exam Questions And 100%
Correct Answers
Affects the kidneys - ANSWER ADH, vasopressin/desmopressin
Growth Hormone (GH) has affects on. - ANSWER Bone & soft tissues
Effects the adrenal glands - ANSWER ACTH
Effects the thyroid gland - ANSWER TSH
The pituitary gland secrets TSH to act on the thyroid which turn secretes _____ -
ANSWER T3 & T4
The level of adrenocorticosteroids is too low in the blow so the hypothalamus tells the
pituitary gland. The pituitary gland, in turn, gives a signal to the adrenal glands to
secrete more adrenocorticosteroids. The pituitary will secrete more ACTH into the
adrenal gland, which is stimulated and makes more cortisol and aldosterone. When
levels of the latter two increase, it signals the hypothalamus that the body has enough
now, and it informs the pituitary to stop secreting ACTH, which in turn slows the
production of cortisol and aldosterone - ANSWER Negative feedback loop
Produced by the the pituitary gland to increase water reabsorption by the kidneys; when
this hormone level is high you do not urinate as much; controlled water balance; informs
the kidneys to either retain water or to eliminate more water - ANS Antidiuretic Hormone
(ADH)
If you have high levels of ADH you will be ______ since the kidneys are retaining water -
SIADH ANS Fluid overload
,AGRADESTUVIA
If you do not have enough ADH, your urine will be primarily _____(DI) - ANSWER Water
Glucocorticoid (think "sugar") secreted by the adrenal gland cortex; steroid hormone -
ANSWER Cortisol
Cortisol is a steroid hormone that exerts a number of actions including: - ANSWER
Regulation of metabolism, sleep-wake cycle, salt and water balance, and blood sugar
This has anti-inflammatory effects to help lessen the impact of stress or trauma -
ANSWER Cortisol
What type of pattern is Cortisol produced in? - ANSWER 2/3 is produced in the morning
& 1/3 is produced in the evening
When it is time to go to bed, your cortisol levels should be _____ - ANSWER Low
Cortisol will cause your _________ to increase - ANSWER Blood sugar
Mineralcorticoid (think "salt") secreted by the adrenal cortex; increases sodium
reabsorption and potassium loss by the kidneys; salt & water balance - ANSWER
Aldosterone
Helps you control your blood pressure because it secretes sodium, water follows the
sodium, thus increasing urination - ANSWER Aldosterone
Produced by the adrenal medulla as neurotransmitters for the sympathetic nervous
system-hormones associated with the fight or flight response; also known as
catecholamines - ANSWER Epinephrine and Norepinephrine
Secreted by pituitary to stimulate bone & muscle growth, increases breakdown of fatty
acid (think about baby fat going away as you get older), increases glucose levels (bc you
,AGRADESTUVIA
need that for energy & growth) - ANSWER Growth Hormone
Increases metabolism, protein, and bone turnover & increases responsiveness to
catecholamines - ANSWER T3 & T4 thyroid hormones
this is the direct concentration of blood; tells us whether the pt. is dehydrated or over
hydrated - ANSWER Serum osmolality
Serum Osmolality levels - ANSWER 285-295
this would be the direct concentration of the urine - ANSWER Urine osmolality
Urine osmolality normal range - ANSWER 50-1200
this will be the ratio of density of urine to density if water - ANSWER Urine specific
gravity
Urine Specific Gravity normal range - ANSWER 1.010-1.025
If the urine specific gravity is higher than ______, you have high concentrations of urine
& there's not enough water, your body is holding onto it - ANSWER 1.025
Really dark urine will have a _______ osmolality - ANSWER High (around 1200)
Really clear Urine will have a ______ osmolality - ANSWER Low (around 50)
, AGRADESTUVIA
Exogenous hormones are administered that the target organ should respond to. The end
result of the amount secreted should increase - ANSWER Stimulation Test
The hormones administered to test the negative feedback loop that there is less
hormone secretion in the body - ANSWER Suppression test
Lets say the pt comes in & the dr suspects they have high cortisol levels. This is more
than likely Cushings disease. They will do a _________ test, which will increase the
cortisol levels which in turn should tell the hypothalamus to stop making cortisol. This is
testing the negative feedback loop - ANSWER Dexamethasone suppression test
Usuall cause of acromegaly - ANSWER Tumor on the pituitary
How does one look for whether it is a tumor causing acromegaly? ANSWER CT or MRI of
brain
The implications of acromegaly, if not treated accordingly, result in chronic health
conditions such as the following: ANSWER DM, HTN, CHF
How is acromegaly diagnosed? ANSWER Growth hormone suppression test using
glucose
Treatment for acromegaly: ANSWER Hyophysectomy
What will be given post-hypophysectomy in that the pituitary likely cannot produce it
shortly after surgery - ANSWER Hydrocortisone or cortisone
_______ can occur post-hypophysectomy bc pt has lost the ability to monitor the exact
amount of water the body should retain (pt may show compensatory evidence by
increased thirst and frequent urination) - ANSWER DI
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