KAPLAN PSYCH INTEGRATED EXAM REVIEW QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH SOLUTIONS 2025
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Course
Kaplan nursing
Institution
Kaplan Nursing
{Schizophrenia}
Session Objectives:
▪ Objective 1- Recognize subtypes of schizophrenia, including signs and symptoms of each subtype.
▪ Objective 2 - Identify treatments for schizophrenia.
▪ Objective 3 - Identify nursing considerations, including client safety and developing a therapeu...
KAPLAN PSYCH INTEGRATED EXAM REVIEW
QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS WITH
SOLUTIONS 2025
{Schizophrenia}
Session Objectives:
▪ Objective 1- Recognize subtypes of schizophrenia, including signs and symptoms of each
subtype.
▪ Objective 2 - Identify treatments for schizophrenia.
▪ Objective 3 - Identify nursing considerations, including client safety and developing a
therapeutic relationship.
APoints of Emphasis:
- Subtypes of schizophrenia include disorganized, catatonic, paranoid, undifferentiated,
▪ Point 1
and residual.
- Acute treatment focuses on client safety and symptom control (often with
▪ Point 2
medications).
▪ Point 3 - A client diagnosed with schizophrenia may be prescribed a first, second, or third
generation antipsychotic.
▪ Point 4- Communicate therapeutically with the client (respond with feeling tone, but do not
reinforce delusions).
Schizophrenia: Overview
• Chronic illness resulting in psychotic behavior.
• Diagnosis is usually made in late adolescence or early adulthood.
• Indications:
• Inappropriate or no display of feelings.
• Hypochondriasis and depersonalization.
• Hallucinations - false sensory perceptions in the absence of external stimulus,
may be auditory or visual.
• Delusions - persistent false beliefs.
• Short attention span.
• Regression.
• Inability to meet basic survival needs.
• Nursing care:
• Maintain client safety - protecting from altered thought processes and
inappropriate behavior.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
• Administer antipsychotic medication as ordered.
• Decrease risk for sensory stimuli.
• Remove from areas of tension.
• Validate reality.
• No arguing.
• Recognize client is experiencing hallucinations or delusions.
• Respond to feeling or tone of hallucination or delusion.
• Communicate in calm, authoritative tone.
• Address client by name.
• Observe for early signs of escalating behavior.
Schizoaffective Disorder:
• Observable bodily expression of emotions of a person.
• Commonly used terms for affect: flat, blunted, inappropriate, labile.
Catatonic Schizophrenia:
• Catatonic - usually pronounced decrease in amount of movement, client may not
move for hours on end.
• Nursing care:
• Maintain client safety - protect from altered thought processes and
inappropriate behavior.
• Administer antipsychotic medication as ordered.
• Decrease risk for sensory stimuli.
• Remove from areas of tension.
• Validate reality.
• No arguing.
• Recognize client is experiencing hallucinations.
• Responding to feeling or tone of hallucination or delusion.
• May require measures to prevent skin breakdown.
Nursing Focus & Concepts: Schizophrenia
Definition:
• Severe psychiatric disorder.
• Marked by:
• Withdrawal from reality.
• Illogical thinking.
• Delusions.
• Hallucinations.
Signs and Symptoms:
• Positive symptoms:
• Delusions.
• Hallucinations.
• Negative symptoms:
• Apathy.
, lOMoAR cPSD| 47061011
• Lack of motivation.
• Blunted affect.
• Poverty of speech.
• Anhedonia.
• Asociality.
• Disorganized symptoms:
• Thought disorders.
• Bizarre behavior (agitation, inappropriate behavior).
Treatment:
• Medication Therapy:
• Typical antipsychotics, such as chlorpromazine.
• Atypical antipsychotics, such as clozapine, olanzapine, and risperidone.
• Action: blocking postsynaptic dopamine receptors.
• Adverse effects (sometimes less with atypical agents):
• Sedation.
• Hypotension.
• Extrapyramidal symptoms.
• Anticholinergic effects.
• Neuroleptic malignant syndrome.
• Other Treatments:
• Conjunctive psychotherapy.
• Rehabilitation.
• Electroconvulsive therapy. Nursing Care:
• Maintain a safe environment.
• If the client expresses suicidal thoughts, institute suicide precautions.
• Establish trust.
• Do not touch the client without first informing client exactly what nurse is going
to do.
• If necessary, postpone procedures until less suspicious or agitated.
• Use an accepting, consistent approach, and use clear, unambiguous language.
• Assess the client's ability to carry out activities of daily living.
• Meet needs but do for client only what client cannot do for self.
• Monitor the client's nutritional status.
• Reward positive behavior.
• Encourage the client to engage in meaningful interpersonal relationships and
help learn social skills.
• Engage the client in reality-oriented activities.
• Administer prescribed medications.
• Monitor for adverse effects and report these promptly.
• Encourage the client to comply with the medication regimen to prevent relapse.
• Encourage family members to participate in support groups that help family
members cope with living with a loved one who has schizophrenia.
Expected Outcomes:
• Client is free from harm.
• Client cares for self.
• Client maintains adequate nutritional intake.
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