AHN 568 Fluids Electrolytes Questions and Correct Verified Answers
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Course
AHN
Institution
AHN
Serum Osmolality (normal range)
280-295 mOsm/kg
Serum osmolality equation
1. (2 x Na) + BUN /2.8 + Glucose /18
2. When glucose and BUN are normal : 2 x Na
Serum Sodium (normal range)
135-145 mEq/L
Sodium replacement formula
1. (0.5 or 0.6 x kg) x (desired Na - serum Na) = mEq Na over ...
✓ 1. (0.5 or 0.6 x kg) x (desired Na - serum Na) = mEq Na over 4 hrs
✓ 2. Need/Have mEq Na x 1 liter = L/4hrs = ml/hr
✓ 3. Maximum correction rate is 8-12 mEq/L/24 hr. OR 25 mEq/L/48 hr.
Anion Gap
✓ (Na + K) - (Cl + HCO3)
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, Top Mark Questions and Correct Verified Answers
Calcium (normal range)
✓ 8.6-10.2 mg/dL
Ionized Calcium (normal range)
✓ 4.6-5.3 mg/dL
Total Body Water (TBW) formula
✓ 50% of body weight in women; 60% in men
Phosphorus (normal range)
✓ 2.5-4.5 mg/dL
Potassium (normal range)
✓ 3.5-5.0 mEq/L
Magnesium (normal range)
✓ 1.5-2.5 mg/dL
Severe HypoNatremia management
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✓ 1. Only hypotonic hyponatremia requires treatment directed at sodium.
✓ 2. (<120 mEq/L): infuse 3% hypertonic saline to increase Na by 1-2/hr until rises
by 4-6mEq/L
✓ 3. Max correction: 8-12 mEq/L per 24hr period or 25 mEq/L per 48hrs.
✓ 4. Restrict fluids to 1000ml/24hrs except in hypovolemic
Moderate HypoNatremia Management
✓ 1. Only hypotonic hyponatremia requires treatment directed at sodium.
✓ 2. (120-129 mEq/L): infuse 3% hypertonic saline
✓ 3. Restrict fluids to 1000ml/24hrs except in hypovolemic
Mild HypoNatremia Management
✓ 1. Only hypotonic hyponatremia requires treatment directed at sodium.
✓ 2. (130-134 mEq/L): infuse 0.9% saline to correct
✓ 3. Restrict fluids to 1000ml/24hrs except in hypovolemic
HyperNatremia Management
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