COMPLETE TEST BANK:
Huether and Mccance's Understanding Pathophysiology,
Canadian 2nd Edition
by Sue E. Huether
, Huether and McCances Understanding Pathophysiology 2nd CANADIAN Edition Po
Chapter 01: Cellular Biology
Power-Kean et al: Huether and McCance’s Understanding Pathophysiology, Second Canadian
MULTIPLE CHOICE
1. A student is observing a cell under the microscope. The student notices it to have supercoiled DNA wi
the student be expected to observe?
a. A single circular chromosome
b. A nucleus
c. Free-floating nuclear material
d. No organelles
ANS: B
The cell described is a eukaryotic cell, so it has histones and a supercoiled DNA within its nucleus; thu
observed. A prokaryotic cell contains a single circular chromosome and lacks organelles.
2. A nurse is instructing the staff about cellular functions. Which cellular function is the nurse describing
absorbs oxygen and uses it to transform nutrients to energy?
a. Metabolic absorption
b. Communication
c. Secretion
d. Respiration
ANS: D
The cell’s ability to produce energy is respiration. Communication involves maintenance of a steady dy
metabolic absorption provides cellular nutrition, and secretion allows for the delivery or release of new
3. A eukaryotic cell is undergoing DNA replication. In which region of the cell would most of the genetic
a. Peroxisomes
b. Ribosomes
c. The nucleolus
d. Suspended in nucleoplasm
ANS: D
The region of the cell that contains genetic material, is the nucleoplasm contained within the nucleus. T
within the nucleus, is largely composed of ribosomes. Peroxisomes contain digestive enzymes.
4. Which of the following can remove proteins attached to the cell’s bilayer by dissolving the layer itself?
a. Peripheral membrane proteins
b. Integral membrane proteins
c. Glycoproteins
d. Cell adhesion molecules
ANS: B
Proteins directly attached to the membrane bilayer can be removed by the action of integral membrane
bilayer. Peripheral membrane proteins reside at the surface while cell adhesion molecules are on the ou
Glycoproteins act as cell identifiers.
5. Which of the following can bind to plasma membrane receptors?
, 7. What type of connection allows for cellular communication?
a. Belt desmosome
b. Gap junction
c. Spot desmosome
d. Tight junction
ANS: B
Gap junctions allow for cellular communication between cells. Neither desmosomes nor tight junctions
communication.
8. Pancreatic beta cells secrete insulin, which inhibits secretion of glucagon from neighbouring alpha cells
of which of the following signalling types?
a. Paracrine
b. Autocrine
c. Neurohormonal
d. Hormonal
ANS: A
Paracrine signalling involves the release of local chemical mediators that are quickly taken up, destroy
case of insulin and the inhibition of the secretion of glucagon. None of the other options involve signal
local chemical mediator like insulin.
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: Cellular Communication and Signal Transduction
TOP: Physiological Integrity
9. In cellular metabolism, each enzyme has a high affinity for a:
a. solute.
b. substrate.
c. receptor.
d. ribosome.
ANS: B
Each enzyme has a high affinity for a substrate, a specific substance converted to a product of the react
not dependent on an attraction between an enzyme and any of the remaining options.
10. An athlete runs a marathon, after which their muscles feel fatigued and unable to contract. The athlete
happened. The nurse’s response is based on the knowledge that the problem is result of a deficiency of
a. GTP
b. AMP
c. ATP
d. GMP
ANS: C
When ATP is deficient, impaired muscle contraction results. None of the other options are involved in
DIF: Cognitive Level: Remember REF: Role of Adenosine Triphosphate
TOP: Physiological Integrity
11. Which phase of catabolism produces the most ATP?
a. Digestion
b. Glycolysis
c. Oxidation
d. Citric acid cycle
ANS: D
, 13. A runner has depleted all the oxygen available for muscle energy. Which of the following will facilitat
muscle performance?
a. Electron-transport chain
b. Aerobic glycolysis
c. Anaerobic glycolysis
d. Oxidative phosphorylation
ANS: C
When no oxygen is available, anaerobic glycolysis occurs. The electron-transport chain is part of the ci
glycolysis involves the presence of oxygen. Oxidative phosphorylation is the mechanism by which the
carbohydrates, fats, and proteins is transferred to ATP. It is not part of muscle performance.
14. A faculty member asks a student to identify the appropriate term for the movement of a solute from an
concentration. Which answer indicates the nursing student understood the teaching?
a. Osmosis
b. Diffusion
c. Hydrostatic pressure
d. Active transport
ANS: B
Diffusion is the movement of a solute molecule from an area of greater solute concentration to an area
concentration through a permeable membrane. Osmosis is the movement of water across a semipermea
of higher water concentration to one of lower concentration. Hydrostatic pressure is the force of fluid a
active transport, molecules move up a concentration gradient.
15. Which description accurately describes electrolytes?
a. Small lipid-soluble molecules
b. Large protein molecules
c. Micronutrients used to produce ATP
d. Electrically charged molecules
ANS: D
Electrolytes are electrically charged molecules. They are not lipid soluble, they are not made up of prot
role in ATP production.
16. A nurse is reading a chart and sees the term oncotic pressure. The nurse recalls that oncotic pressure (c
determined by:
a. diffusion rate.
b. plasma proteins.
c. hydrostatic pressure.
d. the availability of membrane transporter proteins.
ANS: B
Oncotic pressure is determined by the effect of colloids or plasma proteins. Diffusion involves the mov
Hydrostatic pressure is the force within a vessel moving in opposition to oncotic pressure. Membrane t
involved in active transport within a concentration gradient.
17. A patient has a body fluid of 300 mOsm/kg. This lab result is measuring:
a. osmolality.
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