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BIL 255 – CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
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BIL 255 – CELLULAR AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY EXAM QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS...
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Mobile DNA elements likely contributed to the evolution of higherorganisms by the
A) generation of gene families by gene duplication.
B) creation of new genes by exon shuffling.
C) formation of more complex regulatory regions.
D) all of the above - ANSWER D) all of the above
How many genes are estimated to be in the human genome?
A) 21,000
B) 35,000
C) 75,000
D) 100,000 - ANSWER A) 21,000
How does binding of the lac repressor to the lac operator block
transcription initiation?
A) lac repressor binding blocks RNA polymerase from interacting with
DNA at the start site.
B) lac repressor binding induces a DNase that cleaves the DNA at the
transcription start site.
C) lac repressor binding causes a conformational change in RNA
polymerase.
D) lac repressor binding induces a protease that degrades the sigma
subunit of RNA polymerase. - ANSWER A) lac repressor binding blocks
RNA polymerase from interacting with DNA at the start site.
Which of the following is a fundamental difference between gene
regulation in bacteria compared to eukaryotes?
A) In bacteria, but not eukaryotes, there is a specific sequence that
specifies where RNA polymerase binds and initiates
transcription.
B) In eukaryotes, but not bacteria, transcription can be influenced by
how effectively the DNA sequence of a promoter
, region interacts with histone octomers.
C) Transcription regulation is the most widespread form of control of
gene expression in bacteria but not in eukaryotes.
D) Gene regulation is readily reversible in eukaryotes but not bacteria. -
ANSWER B) In eukaryotes, but not bacteria, transcription can be
influenced by how effectively the DNA sequence of a promoter
region interacts with histone octomers.
The TATA box
A) serves as a promoter sequence for genes transcribed by RNA
polymerase III.
B) is located approximately 100 base pairs upstream of the start site for
mRNAs.
C) is present in all eukaryotic genes.
D) acts to position RNA polymerase II for transcription initiation. -
ANSWER D) acts to position RNA polymerase II for transcription
initiation.
Which of the following is not a structural motif found in a DNA-binding
domain?
A) homeodomain
B) zinc-finger
C) helix-loop-helix
D) random-coil acidic domain - ANSWER D) random-coil acidic domain
Regulation of transcription by steroid hormones
A) involves hormone receptors normally found in the nucleus.
B) involves cytoplasmic hormone receptors that can move to the
nucleus.
C) involves two ligase domains.
D) always activates transcription. - ANSWER B) involves cytoplasmic
hormone receptors that can move to the nucleus.
Which DNA base pair is represented in the figure?
A) A-T
B) T-A
C) G-C
D) C-G - ANSWER C) G-C
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