Exam (elaborations)
BIO 2051 final exam study guide| Questions Solved 100% Correct | Verified Answers
- Course
- Institution
BIO 2051 final exam study guide| Questions Solved 100% Correct | Verified Answers
[Show more]
Content preview
BIO 2051 final exam study guide| Questions Solved100% Correct | Verified Answers
If the community D N A contains the same D N A, - ✔✔it will bind to its complement on the
slide and light up
PhyloChip - ✔✔•microarray that focuses on phylogenetic members of microbial community
GeoChip - ✔✔microarray that focuses on genes of biochemical significance
Multi-omics - ✔✔unveil patterns of microbial diversity that will ultimately lead to a more
predictive understanding of microbial community function and response to environmental
change
MEtatranscriptomic - ✔✔-analyzes community R N A
-reveals genes in a community that are actually expressed
-reveals level of gene expression
Metaproteomic - ✔✔-measures the diversity and abundance of different proteins in a
community
Metabolomic - ✔✔-the comprehensive analysis of cellular and extracellular metabolites of a
microbial community
the environmental genomics (metagenomics) - ✔✔-does NOT target individual genes
-the whole DNA is sequenced
-partial and complete genomes are assembled and annotated
-Yields picture of gene pool in environment
,Microbial activity measurements - ✔✔-enzyme kinetics reactions
-Metabolic reactions are in essence chemical reactions run by microbes and can be quantified
Higher sensitivity can be achieved via - ✔✔usage of radioactively labeled substrates
KILLED CONTROL - ✔✔-important to control for any inorganic processes with the same
outcome
-be used to separate the chemical action of microbes from that of abiotic processes
Micro- and Nanosensors - ✔✔precise measurements of chemical species
Stable isotope probing (S I P) - ✔✔links specific metabolic activity to a phylogenetic diversity
(identity) of an organism using a stable isotope
used to analyze microbes that are alive and active
Isotope Fractionation - ✔✔-in nature the living organisms preferentially use LIGHT isotopes
-allows to determine the biotic nature of certain compounds
-applied to natural things to determine if they came from living or nonliving process.
One of the most important aspects of microbial ecology - ✔✔cells are "deconstructed" and
each component is analyzed chemically
SIMS: secondary ion mass spectrometry - ✔✔the composition of individual cells can be
analyzed
Raman Microspectroscopy - ✔✔technology used to characterize the molecular and isotopic
composition of single cells by nondestructive illumination with monochromatic light
,-combines phylogeny with activity of cells
FISH-MAR - ✔✔allows linking specific function to a specific organism
Flow cytometry and single cell genetics - ✔✔Allows to analyze genetics of an individual cell
and separate cells based on functions or properties
Major reservoirs of carbon - ✔✔Rock and Sediment in a form of carbonates (inorganic),
oceans, Methane hydrate-ice
atmosphere, land, oceans, freshwater, sediments, rocks, and biomass
CO2 in the atmosphere - ✔✔is the fastest transferable reservoir of carbon
Carbon cycle - ✔✔redox cycle where carbon alters between oxidation states as it goes from
from CO2 to organic carbon and back
Two major products of decomposition of organic matter in aerobic and anaerobic - ✔✔CH4
and CO2
make up the bulk of living organisms - ✔✔C and N
Name a major group of bacteria in anaerobic environment - ✔✔fusobacterium, Prevotella,
and Bacteroides.
Carbon cycle is coupled to nitrogen cycle since - ✔✔since both elements are part of organic
matter (e.g., amino acids have nitrogen and carbon).
, High nitrification rates - ✔✔increase CO2 fixation
High organic carbon - ✔✔will increase N2 fixation
low nitrificantion rates - ✔✔decrease CO2 fixation
low organic carbon - ✔✔decrease N2 fixation
Mathane is ___x potent than CO2 - ✔✔10x
methane (C H4) is - ✔✔a stent greenhouse gas and is produced in an oxygen free
environment
moth methane is converted to - ✔✔CO2 by methaneotrophs
describe metabolism of methanogens - ✔✔Uses CO2 as a terminal electron acceptor
reduces CO2 and CH4 with H2 as an electron donor
how does methane form - ✔✔no oxygen in the environment
monomers are fermented with the production of H2 and CO2
A lot of energy locked within the compounds
Methanogens evolved to extract that energy
CO2 as a terminal electron acceptor
Methanogens team up with partners - ✔✔(syntrophs) that supply them with necessary
substrates (like acetate
The benefits of buying summaries with Stuvia:
Guaranteed quality through customer reviews
Stuvia customers have reviewed more than 700,000 summaries. This how you know that you are buying the best documents.
Quick and easy check-out
You can quickly pay through credit card or Stuvia-credit for the summaries. There is no membership needed.
Focus on what matters
Your fellow students write the study notes themselves, which is why the documents are always reliable and up-to-date. This ensures you quickly get to the core!
Frequently asked questions
What do I get when I buy this document?
You get a PDF, available immediately after your purchase. The purchased document is accessible anytime, anywhere and indefinitely through your profile.
Satisfaction guarantee: how does it work?
Our satisfaction guarantee ensures that you always find a study document that suits you well. You fill out a form, and our customer service team takes care of the rest.
Who am I buying these notes from?
Stuvia is a marketplace, so you are not buying this document from us, but from seller Examsplug. Stuvia facilitates payment to the seller.
Will I be stuck with a subscription?
No, you only buy these notes for $13.49. You're not tied to anything after your purchase.
Can Stuvia be trusted?
4.6 stars on Google & Trustpilot (+1000 reviews)
75632 documents were sold in the last 30 days
Founded in 2010, the go-to place to buy study notes for 14 years now