OB/GYN Midterm UPDATED ACTUAL Questions and CORRECT Answers
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OB/GYN
Institution
OB/GYN
OB/GYN Midterm UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
If a young woman has not menstruated yet, when should she begin using contraception?
Why? - CORRECT ANSWER- whenever she BEGINS to have sexual activity - ovulation
often precedes menstruation
What percentage of pregnancies are unin...
OB/GYN Midterm UPDATED ACTUAL
Questions and CORRECT Answers
If a young woman has not menstruated yet, when should she begin using contraception?
Why? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔whenever she BEGINS to have sexual activity - ovulation
often precedes menstruation
What percentage of pregnancies are unintended? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔50%
What are some of the reasons for a decrease in teen pregnancy from 1991-2010? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔1. effective use of prevention messages
2. increase in use of birth control and condoms
3. estimated annual cost of $10.9 billion
What are the top two most commonly used methods of contraception? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔pill
female sterilization
What is the definition of a contraceptive method? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔all available
contraception methods act to prevent sperm and egg from uniting, or prevent implantation
and growth of the embryo
Ranked, what are the most popular birth control methods? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1.
oral contraception
2. female sterilization
3. condom
4. male sterilization
5. injectables/implant/patch
6. all other options
What are the two types of injectable contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔*hormonal*
depo-provera (medroxyprogesterone)
,lunelle (medroxyprogesterone and estradiol)
What are the implantable contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔norplant
(levonorgestrel)
implanon/nexplanon (etonogestrel 68 mg)
Is plan B considered hormonal or non-hormonal? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔hormonal
What is the transdermal contraceptive patch known as? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔Ortho
evra
What is the theoretical failure rate of the birth control pill? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1%
or less
How long should a person use alternate methods of birth control if the pill is delayed 2-3
hours? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔loss of protection for 48 hours
What hormone do mini pills contain? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔progesterone only
Who are the mini pills most commonly used for? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔lactating
women
Which hormones are included in monophasic, biphasic and triphasic pills? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔estrogen and progestin
trying to mimic the natural cycle
What is the MOA of progestin in oral contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1.
suppression of LH secretion
2. thickening of the cervical mucus
3. alterations in fallopian tube peristalsis
,What is the MOA of estrogen in oral contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1.
suppression of FSH
2. prevention of selection and emergence of dominant follicle
What are the the different types of cancers and conditions that oral contraceptives lower the
risk for? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔endometrial cancer
ovarian cancer
pelvic infections
benign breast and ovarian disease
ectopic pregnancy
fewer ovarian cycles
reduces blood loss (reducing iron deficiency anemia)
Which hormone in oral contraceptives may cause acne or depression? - CORRECT
ANSWER- ✔✔progestins
What are some of the side effects of oral contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔1.
breakthrough bleeding
2. amenorrhea
3. common but less complicated - bloating, weight gain, breast tenderness, nausea, fatigue,
headache
4. hyperpigmentation on the face
What are the more serious complications of oral contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔PE
venous thrombosis
cholestasis
gallbladder disease
stroke
MI
, What are some contributing factors that make serious complications of oral contraceptives
more likely? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔older age
higher weight
smoker
What are some symptoms that warrant the immediate discontinuation of oral contraceptive
pills? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔loss of vision/diplopia
unilateral numbness, weakness
severe chest or neck pain
slurring of speech
severe leg pain, tenderness
hepatic mass or tenderness
What are the absolute contraindications to oral contraceptives? - CORRECT ANSWER-
✔✔thrombophlebitis
CVA
coronary occlusion
impaired liver function
suspected breast cancer
abnormal vaginal bleeding
pregnancy
smoker older than 35
congenital hyperlipidemia
hepatic neoplasm
Which hormones are involved with nuvaring? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔ethinyl estradiol
etonogestrel
What is ortho evra? - CORRECT ANSWER- ✔✔transdermal contraception that delivers a
low dose of hormones that bipasses the GI tract
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