Adult Health Assessment Jarvis 8th edition all chapters from
1-31 Questions With Complete Solutions
. A 4-month-old child is at the clinic for a well-baby check-up
and immunizations. Which of these actions is
most appropriate when the nurse is assessing an infants vital
signs?
a. The infants radial pulse should be palpated, and the nurse
should notice any fluctuations resulting
from activity or exercise.
b. The nurse should auscultate an apical rate for 1 minute and
then assess for any normal
irregularities, such as sinus arrhythmia.
c. The infants blood pressure should be assessed by using a
stethoscope with a large diaphragm piece
to hear the soft muffled Korotkoff sounds.
d. The infants chest should be observed and the respiratory rate
counted for 1 minute; the respiratory
pattern may vary significantly. Correct Answer B
The nurse palpates or auscultates an apical rate with infants and
toddlers. The pulse should be counted for 1
full minute to account for normal irregularities, such as sinus
arrhythmia. Children younger than 3 years of age
have such small arm vessels; consequently, hearing Korotkoff
sounds with a stethoscope is difficult. The nurse
should use either an electronic blood pressure device that uses
oscillometry or a Doppler ultrasound device to
amplify the sounds
,A 1-month-old infant has a head measurement of 34 cm and has
a chest circumference of 32 cm. Based on
the interpretation of these findings, the nurse would:
a. Refer the infant to a physician for further evaluation.
b. Consider these findings normal for a 1-month-old infant.
c. Expect the chest circumference to be greater than the head
circumference.
d. Ask the parent to return in 2 weeks to re-evaluate the head
and chest circumferences. Correct Answer B
The newborns head measures approximately 32 to 38 cm and is
approximately 2 cm larger than the chest
circumference. Between 6 months and 2 years, both
measurements are approximately the same, and after age 2
years, the chest circumference is greater than the head
circumference
A 13-year-old girl is interested in obtaining information about
the cause of her acne. The nurse should
share with her that acne:
a. Is contagious.
b. Has no known cause.
c. Is caused by increased sebum production.
d. Has been found to be related to poor hygiene Correct Answer
C
Approximately 90% of males and 80% of females will develop
acne; causes are increased sebum production
and epithelial cells that do not desquamate normally.
,A 16-year-old boy has just been admitted to the unit for
overnight observation after being in an automobile
accident. What is the nurses best approach to communicating
with him?
a. Use periods of silence to communicate respect for him.
b. Be totally honest with him, even if the information is
unpleasant.
c. Tell him that everything that is discussed will be kept totally
confidential.
d. Use slang language when possible to help him open up
Correct Answer B
Successful communication with an adolescent is possible and
can be rewarding. The guidelines are simple. The
first consideration is ones attitude, which must be one of respect.
Second, communication must be totally
honest. An adolescents intuition is highly tuned and can detect
phoniness or the withholding of information.
Always tell him or her the truth
A 16-year-old girl is being seen at the clinic for gastrointestinal
complaints and weight loss. The nurse
determines that many of her complaints may be related to erratic
eating patterns, eating predominantly fast
foods, and high caffeine intake. In this situation, which is most
appropriate when collecting current dietary
intake information?
a. Scheduling a time for direct observation of the adolescent
during meals
b. Asking the patient for a 24-hour diet recall, and assuming it to
be reflective of a typical day for her
, c. Having the patient complete a food diary for 3 days, including
2 weekdays and 1 weekend day
d. Using the food frequency questionnaire to identify the amount
of intake of specific foods Correct Answer C
Food diaries require the individual to write down everything
consumed for a certain time period. Because of
the erratic eating patterns of this individual, assessing dietary
intake over a few days would produce more
accurate information regarding eating patterns. Direct
observation is best used with young children or older
adults
A 17-year-old single mother is describing how difficult it is to
raise a 3-year-old child by herself. During
the course of the interview she states, I cant believe my
boyfriend left me to do this by myself! What a terrible
thing to do to me! Which of these responses by the nurse uses
empathy?
a. You feel alone.
Test Bank - Physical Examination and Health Assessment 8e
(by Jarvis) 35
b. You cant believe he left you alone?
c. It must be so hard to face this all alone.
d. I would be angry, too; raising a child alone is no picnic.
Correct Answer C
An empathetic response recognizes the feeling and puts it into
words. It names the feeling, allows its
expression, and strengthens rapport. Other empathetic responses
are, This must be very hard for you, I
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