APUSH Chapter 20: Seizing the American Empire
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_co90pr
1. 1. What factors Toward the New Imperialism. Near the end of the nine-
motivated Amer- teenth century, the idea that America had a manifest des-
ica's new impe- tiny to expand its territory abroad, combined with imperi-
rialism after the alist desire for new markets for their goods, helped fuel
Civil War? new imperialism. White Americans believed that their ad-
vanced intellectual development proved their racial supe-
riority, and by conquering" backward peoples," the United
States was simply enacting the theory of survival of the
fittest Evangelical Protestants also thought they had a duty
to Christimhe and "uplift" people throughout the world.
2. 2. How and why Expansion in the Pacific. Business leaders hoped to ex-
did America ex- tend American commercial reach across the Pacific to
pand its influ- exploit the vast Asian market, The Alaska Purchase (1867)
ence in the Pa- united the effort to acquire Pacific ports. In Hawaii, Amer-
cific before the ican planters developed a thriving sugar industry using
Spanish Ameri- Asian laborers, which increased Hawaii's commercial con-
can War Mar of nections to the United States. In 1894, Hawaii, a minor-
1898? ity white population (Moles) ousted the native Hawaiian
queen, declared a republic, and requested that Hawaii be
annexed by the United States. In 1898, President William
McKinley agreed to annex the islands.
3. 3. What were Causes of The Spanish-American War (The War of 1898).
the causes of When Cubans revolted against Spanish colonial rule in
the Spanish 1895, many Americans supported their demand for inde-
American War pendence. Yellow journalism serrations firing the Spanish
(War of 1898?) suppression of the revolt aroused Americans' sympathy.
What were major In 1898, the publication of the de Leome letter, followed
events? by the sinking of the U.S. battleship Maine in Havana
Harbor, helped proper America into war with Spain. The
war lasted only 114 days. Under the Treaty of Paris ending
the war, Cuba became independent and the United States
annexed Spain, another Caribbean possession, Puerto
Rico, which it had occupied.
4. 4. What were the A vicious guerrilla war followed in the Philippines when
consequences Filipinos rebelled against American control. The rebel-
of the lion was suppressed, and President McKinley announced
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, APUSH Chapter 20: Seizing the American Empire
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_co90pr
Spanish-Ameri- that the United States would annex the Philippines. The
can War (War of American Anti-Imperialist League and others argued that
MR) to American acquiring overseas territories violated American princi-
foreign policy? ples of self-determination and independence. In the end,
the imperialists won the debate, and Congress set up a
government in the Philippines and in Puerto Rico. The
United States also annexed Hawaii, Guam, Wake Wand,
and some of the Samoa Islands during or shortly after the
Spanish-American War (the War of 1898). In East Asia,
Secretary of State John Hay promoted the Open Door
policy (1899) of preserving China's territorial integrity and
equal access by all nations to trade with China.
5. 5. What was Theodore Roosevelt end Big-Stick Diplomacy Theodore
behind Theodore Roosevelt pursued an imperialist foreign policy that con-
Roosevelt's rapid firmed the United States' new role as a world power. He
rise to the pres- helped negotiate the treaty that ended the Russia-Japan-
idency? What ese War, seized control of the Panama Canal, and sent the
were the main el- navy's fleet of battleships around the world as a symbol
ements of his for- of American might. He also proclaimed the Roosevelt
eign policies? Corollary (1904) to the Monroe Doctrine, asserting that
the United States would intervene in Latin America as
necessary to prevent European intervention.
6. 6. How did pres- William Howard Taft and Woodrow Wilson continued Roo-
idents Roosevelt, sevelt's pattern of intervening in the internal affairs of other
Taft, and Wilson nations, especially in Latin America and the Caribbean.
expand Ameri- What Taft called dollar diplomacy involved the U.S. gov-
ca's international ernment fostering American investments in less devel-
involvement? oped nations and then using U.S. military force to protect
those investments. Wilson's frustrations at the instability of
the Mexican government led him to intervene there with
American troops twice. In both cases, the presence of
U.S. soldiers only deepened the resentment of "Yankee
imperialism" throughout Latin America.
7. List key dates in -1894/Republic of Hawaii is proclaimed p. 000.
Chapter 20 -1898/ US battleship Maine explodes in Havana Har-
bor. Spanish American War. The US annexed Hawaii. p.
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