APUSH Chapter 21: Progressive Era
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cphuzf
1. 1. What were the Progressives were middle-class idealists of both political
motives of pro- parties who promoted reform and government regulation
gressive reform- to ensure social justice. Wished to restrict the powers
ers? of political machines and establish honest and efficient
government. They called for legislation to end child labor,
promote workplace safety, ban the sale of alcoholic bev-
erages, regulate or eliminate trusts and other monopolies,
and grant women's suffrage.
2. 2. Which sources Many religious reformers, such as those involved in the
of thought and social gospel movement, urged Protestants to reject so-
activism con- cial darwinism and do more to promote a better life for
tributed to the urban poor. The settlement house movement spread
the progressive through urban America as college-educated middle-class
movement? women formed community centers in poverty-stricken
neighborhoods. Progressives drew inspiration from the
women's suffrage movement, as more women became in-
volved in social reform efforts and in the workplace. Many
progressive ideas arose from the efforts of reformers to
end political corruption. Progressives, while not radicals,
also responded to the growing socialist movement and its
calls for economic justice for the working class. Muckrak-
ers—investigative journalists who exposed political and
corporate corruption—further fueled the efforts to address
abuses of power in American society.
3. 3. What were the Progressives focused on stopping corruption in politics.
specific goals of They advanced reforms such as the direct primary; the
progressive re- initiative, referendum, and recall at the state level; and the
formers, and how direct election of U.S. senators through the passage of
did they address the Seventeenth Amendment (1913). Other progressives
them? focused on incorporating new modes of efficiency and
scientific management in business, known as Taylorism.
Their efforts inspired many cities and counties to adopt
the commission system and the city-manager plan. Still
other progressives focused on legislation and bureaucratic
oversight to control or eliminate trusts and other forms of
monopolies.
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, APUSH Chapter 21: Progressive Era
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_cphuzf
4. 4. What contribu- Theodore Roosevelt and William H. Taft increased the
tions did Pres- power of the presidency and the federal government to
idents Theodore regulate corporations and improve the lives of many Amer-
Roosevelt and icans. Roosevelt promoted his Square Deal program,
William Howard which included regulating trusts through the creation of the
Taft make to Bureau of Corporations, arbitrating the 1902 coal strike,
the progressive persuading Congress to regulate the railroads through the
movement? How Elkins and Hepburn Acts, and to clean up the meat and
and why did drug industries with the Meat Inspection and Pure Food
these men come and Drug Arts. Roosevelt also initiated an environmental
to dIsagree about conservation campaign to preserve the nation's natural
the best ways to resources.
advance progres-
sive ideals?
5. 5. Which poli- Wilson's New Freedom program included lower tariffs and
cies of President anti-trust regulations. He established a central banking
Woodrow Wilson system with the Federal Reserve Art (1913), and launched
were influenced a rigorous anti-trust program. He also led the passage of
by the progres- the Clayton Antitrust Art (1914) and the creation of the
sive movement? Federal Trade Commission (1914). But he opposed a con-
How and why stitutional amendment guaranteeing women's suffrage. A
did they differ Southerner, he believed black people were inferior. He
from the policies supported segregation in the federal workforce.
of Roosevelt and
Taft
6. Key dates in 1901/ William McKinley is assassinated: Theodore Roo-
Chapter 21: The sevelt becomes president. Galveston adopts the commis-
Progressive Era sion system & city government
1902/ Justice Department breaks up The Northern Secu-
rities Company
1903/ Congress passed The FMns Act and creates The
Bureau of Corporations
1905/ Upton SinclaIr's The Jungle is published Congress
passes The Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and
Drug Act
1909/ William Howard". inaugurated
1911/ Triangle Shirtwaist fire Frederick Taylor's The Prin-
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