APUSH Chapter 26: Second World War
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1. Focus question: Focus question: Fascism and the Start of the War In
How did German Italy, Benito Mussolini and his Fascist party assumed
and Japanese ac- control in 1922 by promising law and order. Adolf Hitler
tions lead to the rearmed Germany in defiance of the Treaty of Versailles.
outbreak of war By March 1939, Nazi Germany had annexed Austria and
in Europe and seized Czechoslovakia. Hitler then invaded Poland with
Asia? the blitzkrieg strategy after signing a non-aggression pact
with the Soviet Union. The British and French govern-
ments declared war.
2. Focus question: Focus question: America Goes to War The United States
How did Pres- issued neutrality laws (1935-1939) to avoid being drawn
ident Roosevelt into wars in Europe and Asia, but after the fall of France
and Congress re- in 1940, President Roosevelt accelerated military aid to
spond to the out- Great Britain through the Lend-Lease Act (1941). In 1941,
break of wars In the United States and Great Britain signed the Atlantic
Europe and Asia Charter. After Japan joined with Germany and Italy to form
between 1933 the Axis alliance, Roosevelt froze Japanese assets in the
and 1931? United States and restricted oil exports to Japan, which led
the frustrated Japanese government to launch a surprise
attack at Pearl Harbor (1941) in Hawaii.
3. Focus question: Focus question: The Second World War and American
What were the ef- Society The war had profound social effects. Ameri-
fects of the Sec- cans—white, black, and brown—enlisted in the military,
ond World War on went to work in defense plants, and migrated west to take
American Soci- jobs in factories. Farmers recovered, supported by Mexi-
ety? can labor through the bracero program (1942-1945). The
federal government, through agencies such as the War
Production Board, took control of managing the economy.
Many women took nontraditional jobs, including service in
the military. More than 150,000 joined the Women's Army
Corps (WAC). About a million African Americans served in
the military in segregated units, the most famous of which
was the Tuskegee Airmen. More than 100,000 Japanese
Americans were forcibly interned in war relocation camps.
4. Focus question: Focus question: Road to Allied Victory in Europe By 1943,
What major fac- the Allies had defeated the German and Italian armies
, APUSH Chapter 26: Second World War
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_ctd86x
tors enabled the occupying North Africa. From there, they launched at-
United States tacks on Sicily and then the mainland of Italy. Operation
and its allies to Overlord, the invasion of Western Europe, began June
win the war in Eu- 6, 1944. German resistance slowly crumbled. The "Big
rope? Three"—Roosevelt, Churchill, and Stalin—met at the Yalta
Conference in February 1945, where they decided that a
conquered Germany would be divided into four occupation
zones. In May, Soviet forces captured Berlin, and Germany
surrendered. After the war, Allied forces discovered the
extent of the Holocaust—the Nazis' systematic effort to
exterminate European Jews and other minority groups.
5. Focus question: Focus question: The Pacific War The Japanese advance
How were the across the Pacific was halted in June 1942 at the Battle
Japanses defeat- of Midway. Fierce Japanese resistance at Iwo Jima and
ed in the war in Okinawa and Japan's refusal to surrender after the fire-
the Pacific? bombing of Tokyo led the new president, Harry S. Truman,
to order the use of atomic bombs on the cities of Hiroshima
and Nagasaki in August 1945.
6. Focus question: Focus question: Postwar World The Soviet Union and Unit-
How did Pres- ed States emerged from the war as global superpowers,
ident Roosevelt with the United States possessing the world's strongest
and the Al- economy. The opportunities for women and minorities dur-
lies work to ing the war would contribute to the emergence of the civil
shape the post- rights and feminist movements.
war world?
7. 1933 Adolf Hitler Hitler was chancellor of Germany from 1933-1945, and
becomes chan- dictator from 1934 to 1945 of Nazi Germany. He is associ-
cellor of Ger- ated with the rise of European fascism, the rise of the Axis
many Powers, and for orchestrating the Holocaust.
8.
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