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AQA A LEVEL BIOLOGY Paper 2 2022 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 100% GRADE A+
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AQA A LEVEL BIOLOGY Paper 2 2022 ACTUAL QUESTIONS AND CORRECT ANSWERS 100% GRADE A+
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AQA A LEVEL BIOLOGY Paper 2 2022Study online at https://quizlet.com/_devrjh
1. 3.6.4 Homeosta-
sis
2. What is negative A response that returns a change in levels, back to normal.
feedback?
3. What is positive A response that amplifies a change from the normal level.
feedback?
4. Which factors Eating food containing carbohydrates, glucose absorbed
influence blood from intestine to blood.
glucose concen- Exercising, more glucose is used in respiration to release
tration? energy.
5. What is the effect Decreases blood glucose concentration.
of insulin?
6. How does insulin Secreted by beta cells in islets of Langerhans in pancreas,
work? when blood glucose too high.
Insulin binds to specific receptors on cell surface mem-
branes of target cells, increases permeability of cell mem-
brane to glucose (increases number of channel proteins in
cell membrane), cells take up more glucose by facilitated
diffusion, enzymes convert glucose to glycogen and so
stored in cytoplasm. Rate of respiration increases.
7. What is the effect Increases blood glucose concentration.
of glucagon?
8. How does Secreted by alpha cells in the islets of Langerhans in
glucagon work? pancreas.
Binds to specific receptors on cell surface membranes
of target cells, activates enzymes to convert glycogen to
glucose. Rate of respiration decreases.
9. What is the role Increases blood glucose concentration by activating se-
of adrenaline? cretion of glucagon.
10. How does adren-
aline work?
, AQA A LEVEL BIOLOGY Paper 2 2022
Study online at https://quizlet.com/_devrjh
Binds to specific receptors on cell surface membranes
of target cells, activates enzymes to convert glycogen to
glucose.
11. What is the sec- Demonstrated by adrenaline and glucagon as they cause
ondary messen- glycogenolysis to occur inside cell even though they bind
ger model? to receptors on the outside of the cell.
Adrenaline or glucagon bind to specific complimentary
receptors on the cell membrane. They activate adenylate
cyclase. Convert ATP to cyclic AMP. cAMP activates pro-
tein kinase A. Protein kinase A activates a cascade to
break down glycogen to glucose.
12. What is Type I di- Gene mutation.
abetes?
Autoimmune response on beta cells of islets of Langer-
hans. Body can't produce insulin.
13. What is Type II di- Poor diet, lack of exercise, obesity.
abetes? Glycoprotein loses responsiveness to insulin. Cells don't
take up enough glucose.
14. What is osmoreg- The control of water and salt levels in the body, by ADH.
ulation?
15. How does the Detected by osmoreceptors in hypothalamus. Hypothal-
body respond to amus produces more ADH, posterior pituitary gland se-
a decrease in wa- cretes more ADH into blood. ADH travels in blood to kidney
ter potential? and attaches to receptors on collecting duct. ADH increas-
es permeability of cell membranes to water so more water
is absorbed by osmosis. Less water lost in urine so smaller
volume of urine, more concentrated.
16. How does the Detected by osmoreceptors in hypothalamus. Hypothala-
body respond to mus produces less ADH, posterior pituitary gland secretes
an increase in less ADH into blood.
water potential? Less ADH travels in blood to kidney and attaches to re-
ceptors of collecting duct. ADH decreases permeability of
cell walls to water so less water absorbed by osmosis.
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