2022/2023 nur3632 foundations exam 3 all questions and answers with rationales
2022/2023 nur3632 foundations exam 3 all questions and answers with rationales
2022/2023 nur3632 foundations exam 3 all questions and answers with rationales
2022/2023 nur3632 foundations exam 3 all questions and a...
NUR3632 Foundations Exam 3 All
Questions and complete answers with
Rationales 2022/2023
written by
Killey
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NUR3632 Foundations Exam 3 All Questions and
complete answers with Rationales 2022/2023
Chapter 6
1. A nurse caring for patients in the intensive care unit develops values from
experience to form a personal code of ethics. Which statements best describe a
characteristic of the development of a personal value system? Select all that
apply.
People are born with values.
Values act as standards to guide behavior.
Values are ranked on a continuum of importance.
Values influence beliefs about health and illness.
Value systems are not related to personal codes of conduct.
Nurses should not let their values influence patient care.
1. b, c, d. A value is a belief about the worth of something, about what matters, which
acts as a standard to guide one's behavior. A value system is an organization of values
in which each is ranked along a continuum of importance, often leading to a personal
code of conduct. A person's values influence beliefs about human needs, health, and
illness; the practice of health behaviors; and human responses to illness. Values guide
the practice of nursing care. An individual is not born with values; rather, values are
formed during a lifetime from information from the environment, family, and culture.
2. Five-year-old Bobby has dietary modifications related to his diabetes. His
parents want him to value good nutritional habits and they decide to deprive him
of a favorite TV program when he becomes angry after they deny him foods not
on his diet. This is an example of what mode of value transmission?
Modeling
Moralizing
Laissez-faire
Rewarding and punishing
2. d.When rewarding and punishing are used to transmit values, children are rewarded
for demonstrating values held by parents and punished for demonstrating unacceptable
values. Through modeling, children learn what is of high or low value by observing
parents, peers, and significant others. Children whose caregivers use the moralizing
mode of value transmission are taught a complete value system by parents or an
institution (e.g., church or school) that allows little opportunity for them to weigh different
values. Those who use the laissez-faire approach to value transmission leave children
to explore values on their own (no single set of values is presented as best for all) and
to develop a personal value system.
3. A nurse who is working in a hospital setting after graduation from a local
college uses value clarification to help understand the values that motivate
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patient behavior. Which examples denote "prizing" in the process of values
clarification? Select all that apply.
A patient decides to quit smoking following a diagnosis of lung cancer.
A patient shows off a new outfit that she is wearing after losing 20 pounds.
A patient chooses to work fewer hours following a stress-related myocardial
infarction.
A patient incorporates a new low-cholesterol diet into his daily routine.
A patient joins a gym and schedules classes throughout the year.
A patient proudly displays his certificate for completing a marathon.
3. b, f. Prizing something one values involves pride, happiness, and public affirmation,
such as losing weight or running a marathon. When choosing, one chooses freely from
alternatives after careful consideration of the consequences of each alternative, such as
quitting smoking and working fewer hours. Finally, the person who values something
acts by combining choice into one's behavior with consistency and regularity on the
value, such as joining a gym for the year and following a low-cholesterol diet faithfully.
4. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing identified five values that
epitomize the caring professional nurse. Which of these is best described as
acting in accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards
of practice?
Altruism
Autonomy
Human dignity
Integrity
4. d. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing defines integrity as acting in
accordance with an appropriate code of ethics and accepted standards of practice.
Altruism is a concern for the welfare and well-being of others. Autonomy is the right to
self-determination, and human dignity is respect for the inherent worth and uniqueness
of individuals and populations.
5. A professional nurse with a commitment to social justice is most apt to:
Provide honest information to patients and the public
Promote universal access to health care
Plan care in partnership with patients
Document care accurately and honestly
5. b. The American Association of Colleges of Nursing lists promoting universal access
to health care as an example of social justice. Providing honest information and
documenting care accurately and honestly are examples of integrity, and planning care
in partnership with patients is an example of autonomy.
6. When an older nurse complains to a younger nurse that nurses just aren't
ethical anymore, which reply reflects the best understanding of moral
development?
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"Behaving ethically develops gradually from childhood; maybe my generation
doesn't value this enough to develop an ethical code."
"I don't agree that nurses were more ethical in the past. It's a new age and the
ethics are new!"
"Ethics is genetically determined ... it's like having blue or brown eyes. Maybe
we're evolving out of the ethical sense your generation had."
"I agree! It's impossible to be ethical when working in a practice setting like this!"
6. a. The ability to be ethical, to make decisions, and to act in an ethically justified
manner begins in childhood and develops gradually
7. A home health nurse who performs a careful safety assessment of the home of
a frail elderly patient to prevent harm to the patient is acting in accordance with
which of the principles of bioethics?
Autonomy
Beneficence
Justice
Fidelity
Nonmaleficence
7. e. Nonmaleficence is defined as the obligation to prevent harm. Autonomy is respect
for another's right to make decisions, beneficence obligates us to benefit the patient,
justice obligates us to act fairly, and fidelity obligates us to keep our promises.
8. A professional nurse committed to the principle of autonomy would be careful
to:
Provide the information and support a patient needed to make decisions to
advance one's own interests
Treat each patient fairly, trying to give everyone his or her due
Keep any promises made to a patient or another professional caregiver
Avoid causing harm to a patient
8. a. The principle of autonomy obligates nurses to provide the information and support
patients and their surrogates need to make decisions that advance their interests.
Acting with justice means giving each person his or her due, acting with fidelity involves
keeping promises to patients, and acting with nonmaleficence means avoiding doing
harm to patients.
9. Janie wants to call an ethics consult to clarify treatment goals for a patient no
longer able to speak for himself. She believes his dying is being prolonged
painfully. She is troubled when the patient's doctor tells her that she'll be fired if
she raises questions about his care or calls the consult. This is a good example
of:
Ethical uncertainty
Ethical distress
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