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NUR 325 Exam 2 Review Questions With Complete Solutions
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NUR 325 Exam 2 Review Questions With Complete Solutions
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NUR 325 Exam 2 Review Questions With CompleteSolutions
A 22-yr-old man is admitted to the emergency department with a
stab wound to the abdomen. The patient's vital signs are blood
pressure 82/56 mm Hg, pulse 132 beats/min, respirations 28
breaths/min, and temperature 97.9° F (36.6° C). Which fluid, if
ordered by the health care provider, should the nurse question?
a. D5W
b. 0.9% saline
c. Packed red blood cells
d. Lactated Ringer's solution Correct Answers A (IV
administration of 0.45% saline is hypotonic and is used for
maintenance fluid replacement and dilutes the extracellular
fluid. IV solutions used for volume expansion for hypovolemic
shock include lactated Ringer's solution and 0.9% saline. If
hypovolemia is due to blood loss, blood may be administered.)
A deficiency in iron would be indicated by:
a. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
b. Bleeding tendency, scurvy
c. Anemia, fatigue, poor growth
d. Rickets, bone disease, muscle pain, falls Correct Answers C
A deficiency in magnesium would be indicated by:
a. Hypertension, dysrhythmia, preeclampsia
b. Bleeding tendency, scurvy
c. Anemia, fatigue, poor growth
,d. Rickets, bone disease, muscle pain, falls Correct Answers A
A deficiency in vitamin B12 would be indicated by:
a. Hair loss
b. Pernicious anemia
c. Bleeding tendency
d. Fatigue Correct Answers B
A deficiency in vitamin B3 would be indicated by:
a. Night blindness
b. Hair loss
c. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
d. Anemia Correct Answers C
A deficiency in vitamin C would be indicated by:
a. Night blindness
b. Anemia, fatigue, poor growth
c. Bleeding tendency, scurvy
d. Rickets, bone disease, muscle pain, falls Correct Answers C
A deficiency in vitamin D would be indicated by:
a. Dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, death
b. Bleeding tendency, scurvy
c. Anemia, fatigue, poor growth
d. Rickets, bone disease, muscle pain, falls Correct Answers D
,A frail older adult with recent severe weight loss is instructed to
eat a high-protein, high-calorie diet at home. Which foods would
the nurse suggest for breakfast?
a. Orange juice and dry toast
b. Oatmeal with butter and cream
c. Waffles with fresh strawberries
d. Banana and unsweetened yogurt Correct Answers B
(Oatmeal, butter, and cream are all examples of breakfast items
that would be appropriate to include for a patient on a high-
protein, high-calorie diet.)
A malnourished patient has been diagnosed with protein
deficiency. Which complications should the nurse anticipate
(select all that apply.)?
a. Edema
b. Asthma
c. Anemia
d. Malabsorption syndrome
e. Impaired wound healing
f. Gastrointestinal bleeding Correct Answers A C E (Protein
deficiency can cause complications such as edema, anemia, and
impaired wound healing. Decreased albumin in the vascular
space allows fluids to leak into the interstitial spaces causing
edema. Without adequate protein, blood formation is impaired.
Adequate protein is required for wound healing. Asthma does
not develop due to protein deficiency. However, protein
deficiency causes muscle weakness that could contribute to
exacerbation of many conditions. A malabsorption syndrome
may affect the amount of nutrients that are absorbed causing
, protein deficiency. Gastrointestinal bleeding is not a
complication of protein deficiency.)
A nurse in a home setting is assessing a 79-year-old male
patient's risk for malnutrition. The nurse suspects malnutrition
when reviewing which laboratory results? (Select all that apply.)
a. Body mass index (BMI) of 17
b. Waist-to-hip ratio of 1.0
c. Weight loss of 6% since last month's visit
d. Prealbumin level of 16 mg/dL
e. Hematocrit level of 50%
f. Hemoglobin level of 8.2 g/dL Correct Answers A C F (A
BMI of 18.5 to 24.9 is normal, and this patient's BMI is below
normal; a major weight loss is defined as more than a 2% weight
change over 1 week; and the expected hemoglobin level for a
man is 14 to 18 g/dL. The patient's values may also indicate
dehydration. The expected level for prealbumin is 15 to 36
mg/dL. A hematocrit level of 50% is within normal limits.)
A nurse is caring for a client who has hypernatremia and
requires IV fluid therapy due to his NPO status. Which of the
following solutions should the nurse prepare to infuse for this
client?
a. Lactated Ringer's
b. Dextrose 5% in 0.9% sodium chloride
c. 0.45% sodium chloride
d. Dextrose 10% in water Correct Answers C (This is the only
hypotonic solution)
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