Final Exam - NUR 325 Questions With Complete Solutions
ACE inhibitors Correct Answers -suffix of pril
-blocks production of angiotensin II (arteriolar vasodilation;
decreases BP, urinary excretion of sodium and water - decreased
BP, retention of potassium)
Antidiarrheals: diphenoxylate, atropine, loperamide Correct
Answers -no analgesic effect at regular dose
-slows intestinal transit time
-increased absorption of water
-smaller, harder stool
-considered a narcotic
ARBs Correct Answers -suffix -Sartan
-second choice of treatment for hypertension behind ACE
inhibitors
-blocks angiotensin II receptors (arteriolar vasodilation;
decreases BP, urinary excretion of Na and water; decreased BP
and retention of potaissum)
As the Blood pressure increases Correct Answers so does the
risk for MI, heart failure, stroke, renal disease and retinopathy
Azathioprine Correct Answers -inhibits production of B and T
lymphocytes
-suppresses/decreases body immune system
Beta-adrenergic Blockers; Atenolol Correct Answers -Suffix -
olol
-blocks beta 1 receptor sites in the heart and kidney
,-decreases HR
-decreased CO and contractility
-decreases renin release (kidneys)
bisacodyl, Senna: stimulant laxative Correct Answers -
increases peristalsis
-inhibit fluid absorption
-increases water and electrolyte secretion which will make the
stool soft
-stool soft in 6-12 hours
Bladder incontinence CM Correct Answers -wetting the bed,
having accidents w/out knowing it, leakage, peeing when they
laugh/sneeze
bladder obstruction risk factors Correct Answers -children
have a problem completely emptying
-pregnant women (push on the bladder)
-older adults have loss in their muscle tone and bladder control
bladder retention CM's Correct Answers -palpate a full
bladder, low output, bladder distention, slow stream, frequent
UTI, tenderness pain
bowel incontinence clinical manifestations Correct Answers -
bloating, gas, severe leaking diarrhea, might have leakage when
coughing/passing gas, skin breakdown, changes in pH of the
skin (pressure ulcers)
Bowel obstruction risk factors Correct Answers pregnant
women have a temporary obstruction
, Calcium Channel Blockers - Nifedipine Correct Answers -
does not effect RAAS
-blocks calcium channels in smooth muscles of peripheral
arterioles and cardiac arteries
-causes vasodilation (decreased BP)
-increased HR (reflex tachycardia)
Cardiac Output Correct Answers - CO = HR x SV
- describes the amount of blood your heart pumps out each min.
HR is the number of times the heart beats per min. SV is the
volume ejected from the left ventricle during contraction of each
stroke of the heart
Central perfusion Correct Answers force of blood movement
generated by cardiac output
Central symptoms of impaired perfusion Correct Answers -
occurs when CO is inadequate and if it is severe, it will lead to
shock and if left untreated can lead to ischemia, cell injury and
cell death
-manifestations: pulmonary edema, SOB, slow cap refill,
dizziness, hypotension
Centrally acting alpha 2 agonists; Clonidine Correct Answers -
blood pressure reduction
-beta 1 blockade: reduces HR, conduction and contractility,
decrease renin
-Beta 2 blockade: inhibition of glycogenolysis and
bronchoconstriction
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